Embryonic stem (ES) cells provide a potentially useful in vitro model for the study of in vivo tissue differentiation. We used mouse and human ES cells to investigate whether the lens regulatory genes Pax6 and Six3 could induce lens cell fate in vitro. To help assess the onset of lens differentiation, we derived a new mES cell line (Pax6-GFP mES) that expresses a GFP reporter under the control ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the optical quality of different intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS An optical test bench and suitable software were used to assist in analysis of the optical Fourier transform (OFT) of a test image and to determine the quality of the lens in terms of spatial frequency response. The OFT was automatically converted, by means of an optical-electronic calibration procedure, i...

This paper uses results on the classification of minimal triangulations of 3-manifolds to produce additional results, using covering spaces. Using previous work on minimal triangulations of lens spaces, it is shown that the lens space L(4k,2k − 1) and the generalised quaternionic space S/Q4k have complexity k, where k ≥ 2. Moreover, it is shown that their minimal triangulations are unique. AMS ...

PURPOSE To analyze the post operative results of targeting zero spherical aberration by selecting the best-fit aspheric intraocular lens (IOL), based on preoperative corneal spherical aberration of patients with phacoemulsification surgery. SETTING AlHokama Eye Specialist Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PERIOD From the 1st of October 2012 until the 10th of April 2013. METHODS Fifty-three ey...

Lens induction is a classical developmental model allowing investigation of cell specification, spatiotemporal control of gene expression, as well as how transcription factors are integrated into highly complex gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Pax6 represents a key node in the gene regulatory network governing mammalian lens induction. Meis1 and Meis2 homeoproteins are considered as essential u...

PURPOSE To characterize the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in the lens and to try to understand how this pathway contributes to lens function and cataractogenesis. METHODS The members of the ERK pathway in the lens were examined by Western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and kinase assay. A gain-of-function approach was used to perturb the ERK pathway in the lense...

The RING finger ubiquitin ligase seven in absentia homolog 2 (Siah2) was identified in the R7 photoreceptor cells of Drosophila melanogaster, and it regulates the stability of prolyl hydroxylase domains (PHDs), with a concomitant effect on HIF-1α availability in the hypoxia response pathway. We previously reported that the hypoxia response pathway contributes to eye development during the embry...

BACKGROUND Bandage contact lenses are commonly used by ophthalmic practitioners to protect the patient's cornea. We report a case of folded bandage contact lens retained for six and a half years in the upper subtarsal space. To our knowledge, no other cases of retained bandage contact lens have previously been reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION A patient was applied a pair of banda...