In this paper we show that, for each chordal graph G, there is a tree T such that T is a spanning tree of the square G2 of G and, for every two vertices, the distance between them in T is not larger than the distance in G plus 2. Moreover, we prove that, if G is a strongly chordal graph or even a dually chordal graph, then there exists a spanning tree T of G that is an additive 3-spanner as wel...

Ma and Spinrad have shown that every transitive orientation of a chordal comparability graph is the intersection of four linear orders. That is, chordal comparability graphs are comparability graphs of posets of dimension four. Among other uses, this gives an implicit representation of a chordal comparability graph using O(n) integers so that, given two vertices, it can be determined in O(1) ti...

A tree t-spanner T in a graph G is a spanning tree of G such that the distance in T between every pair of vertices is at most t times their distance in G. The Tree t-Spanner problem asks whether a graph admits a tree t-spanner, given t. We substantially strengthen the hardness result of Cai and Corneil [SIAM J. Discrete Math. 8 (1995) 359– 387] by showing that, for any t ≥ 4, Tree t-Spanner is ...

A tree t-spanner T in a graph G is a spanning tree of G such that the distance in T between every pair of vertices is at most t times their distance in G. The TREE t-SPANNER problem asks whether a graph admits a tree t-spanner, given t. We substantially strengthen the hardness result of Cai and Corneil (SIAM J. Discrete Math. 8 (1995) 359–387) by showing that, for any t¿ 4, TREE t-SPANNER is NP...

Chordal graphs, also called triangulated graphs, are important in algorithmic graph theory. In this paper we generalise the definition of chordal graphs to the class of directed graphs. Several structural properties of chordal graphs that are crucial for algorithmic applications carry over to the directed setting, including notions like simplicial vertices, perfect elimination orderings, and ch...

A bipartite graph is chordal bipartite if every cycle of length at least six has a chord. In the class of chordal bipartite graphs the tree-width and the clique-width are unbounded. Our main results are that chordal bipartite graphs of bounded vertex degree have bounded tree-width and that k-fork-free chordal bipartite graphs have bounded clique-width, where a k-fork is the graph arising from a...

A vertex set D in a finite undirected graph G is an efficient dominating set (e.d.s. for short) of G if every vertex of G is dominated by exactly one vertex of D. The Efficient Domination (ED) problem, which asks for the existence of an e.d.s. in G, is known to be NP-complete even for very restricted graph classes such as for 2P3-free chordal graphs while it is solvable in polynomial time for P...

The Chordal Vertex Deletion (ChVD) problem asks to delete a minimum number of vertices from an input graph to obtain a chordal graph. In this paper we develop a polynomial kernel for ChVD under the parameterization by the solution size, as well as poly(opt) approximation algorithm. The first result answers an open problem of Marx from 2006 [WG 2006, LNCS 4271, 37–48].

A 2-subcolouring of a graph is a partition of the vertices into two subsets, each inducing a P3-free graph, i.e., a disjoint union of cliques. We give the first polynomial time algorithm to test whether a chordal graph has a 2-subcolouring. This solves (for two colours) an open problem of Broersma, Fomin, Nešetřil, and Woeginger, who gave an O(n) time algorithm for interval graphs. Our algorith...