AIM To examine whether government-funded tobacco control television advertising shown in England between 2002 and 2010 reduced adult smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption. DESIGN Analysis of monthly cross-sectional surveys using generalised additive models. SETTING England. PARTICIPANTS More than 80 000 adults aged 18 years or over living in England and interviewed in the Opinions ...

INTRODUCTION The presence of social inequalities in tobacco-use has been fully recognized in the international literature. Even though cigarette and waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) are prevalent in the Arab region, the literature has not addressed the social determinants of the impending tobacco epidemic. This study examined the socioeconomic patterning of cigarette and WTS among Jordanian wome...

BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Much of the epidemiologic research on tobacco focuses on smoking, especially cigarette smoking, but little attention on smokeless tobacco (SLT). METHODS Using data from the Republic of Congo Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) of 2006, we estimated the prevalence of SLT use among in-school adolescents. We also assesse...

BACKGROUND American Indian (AI) and Alaska Native (AN) communities confront some of the highest rates of tobacco use and its sequelae. METHODS This formative research project sought to identify the perspectives of 41 stakeholders (community members receiving care within the healthcare system, primary care providers, and tribal healthcare system leaders) surrounding the use of pharmacogenetics...

BACKGROUND Low platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B activity has been proposed as a marker for alcohol-dependence. Findings are, however, contradictory and the influence of confounding factors have been thoroughly investigated. Thus, it is now well established that cigarette smoking reduces platelet MAO-activity. However, not much is known about the influence of smokeless tobacco, i.e. snuff or c...

Although youth cigarette smoking has steadily declined across the US, use of emerging tobacco products, most notably e-cigarettes and hookah, has increased.1 In 2015, 25.3% of US high school youth currently used at least one tobacco product.1 E-cigarettes were the most commonly used product (16.0%), surpassing all other products including cigarettes (9.3%), cigars (8.6%), hookah (7.2%), and smo...

By creating a sense of familiarity with tobacco, cigarette advertising and bold packaging displays in stores where children often visit may help to pre-dispose them to smoking. A total of 605 ninth-grade students were randomly allocated to view a photograph of a typical convenience store point-of-sale which had been digitally manipulated to show either cigarette advertising and pack displays, p...

BACKGROUND Smokeless tobacco use is becoming an increasingly important public health issue in the US and may influence cigarette smoking behavior. Systematic information on transitions between smokeless tobacco and cigarette use in the US is limited. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of published literature on transitions between smokeless tobacco and cigarette use in the US. We search...

Background & objectives: The number of waterpipe cafes has considerably grown in Tehran and other cities of Iran. This increase has occurred due to a wrong belief that the use of hookahs is harmless and relatively safe. So, the aim of current study is to investigate the nicotine concentration in the indoor air of the waterpipe and cigarette cafés as well as the biological concentration of nicot...