We study a quasibound state of a delta -kicked rotor with absorbing boundaries focusing on the nature of the dynamical localization in open quantum systems. The localization lengths xi of lossy quasibound states located near the absorbing boundaries decrease as they approach the boundary while the corresponding decay rates Gamma are dramatically enhanced. We find the relation xi approximately G...

Let $G$ be an abelian group with identity $e$. $R$ a $G$-graded commutative ring and $M$ graded $R$-module. In this paper we will obtain some results concerning the generalized 2-absorbing submodules their homogeneous components. Special attention has been paid, when rings are gr-Noetherian, to find extra properties of these submodules.

Let R be a commutative ring with nonzero identity. A proper ideal I of is said to 1-absorbing prime if xyz ∈ for some nonunits x, y, z R, then xy or I. It well known that ⇒ primary semi-primary ideal, is, the class ideals comes between classes and ideals. Also, above right arrows are not reversible. In this article, we characterize rings over which every prime. by comparing other classical such...

Let $G$ be a group with identity $e$, $R$ commutative $G$-graded ring unity $1$ and $M$ unital $R$-module. In this article, we introduce the concept of graded $1$-absorbing prime submodule. A proper $R$-submodule $N$ is said to if for all non-unit homogeneous elements $x, y$ element $m$ $xym\in N$, either $xy\in (N :_{R} M)$ or $m\in N$. We show that new generalization submodules at same time i...

Modeling of radiation characteristics of semitransparent media containing particles or bubbles in the independent scattering limit is examined. The existing radiative properties models of a single particle in an absorbing medium using the approaches based on (1) the classical Mie theory neglecting absorption by the matrix, (2) the far field approximation, and (3) the near field approximation ar...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and let $M$ be an $R$-module. In this paper, we will introduce the secondary radical of a submodule $N$ of $M$ as the sum of all secondary submodules of $M$ contained in $N$, denoted by $sec^*(N)$, and explore the related properties. We will show that this class of modules contains the family of second radicals properly and can be regarded as a dual o...