BACKGROUND The efficacy of antimicrobial treatment in children with acute otitis media remains controversial. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind trial, children 6 to 35 months of age with acute otitis media, diagnosed with the use of strict criteria, received amoxicillin-clavulanate (161 children) or placebo (158 children) for 7 days. The primary outcome was the time to treatment failur...

BACKGROUND Recommendations vary regarding immediate antimicrobial treatment versus watchful waiting for children younger than 2 years of age with acute otitis media. METHODS We randomly assigned 291 children 6 to 23 months of age, with acute otitis media diagnosed with the use of stringent criteria, to receive amoxicillin-clavulanate or placebo for 10 days. We measured symptomatic response an...

The ability of various beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class I beta-lactamases was assessed. Clavulanate was the most active compound, inducing Morganella morganii, Aeromonas caviae, and Enterobacter aerogenes over a broad concentration range and Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens at high concentrations. Disk approximation tests paralleled these results, w...

The Oxoid combination disk method for detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) depends on comparing the inhibition zones of cefpodoxime (10-microg) and cefpodoxime-plus-clavulanate (10- plus 1-microg) disks. The presence of clavulanate enlarged the zones for all of 180 ESBL-producing klebsiellae by >/=5 mm, whereas zones for cefpodoxime-susceptible isolates and cefpodoxime-resistant ...

Following intravaginal inoculation of progesterone-treated outbred mice with Chlamydia trachomatis MoPn, 4 to 6 log10 inclusion-forming units were recovered in vaginal swabs for 21 days but all animals were culture negative after 28 days. Serum antibody titers were elevated and remained high for at least 70 days. Between 28 and 70 days, upper tract infection (inflammation and distension of the ...

Oral suspensions of antibiotics are mainly available as dry powders for reconstitution. Many reconstituted antibiotic suspension is to be kept refrigerated in order to get the optimal benefit from the drug. However, many patients do not keep to the specified storage conditions for different reasons like no refrigerator and irregular power supply that may result in various degrees of degradation...

The effect of antibiotic therapy on nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae was evaluated in children diagnosed with acute otitis media. Children were randomly assigned to receive either amoxicillin/clavulanate or azithromycin therapy, and nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained for culture before and after starting therapy. Amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy ...

Antibiotic-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae have the potential to undermine treatment and control of gonorrhoea, which remains a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) in Papua New Guinea (PNG). The standard treatment regimen for gonorrhoea in PNG based on amoxycillin and clavulanic acid (amoxycillin-clavulanate) was introduced about 15 years ago and there is some conce...

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy and cost effectiveness of early intravenous to oral switch Amoxicillin/Clavulanate and parenteral Ceftriaxone in treatment of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Design: Open, randomized, parallel group comparative study. Setting: Department of Medicine at Services Hospital, Lahore Patients and Methods: Fifty patients with c...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and cost of treatment with two beta-lactam/beta-lactamase-inhibitor combinations. DESIGN Retrospective, open-label multicenter study. SETTING Fifty-four hospitals across the United States. PATIENTS Eight hundred ninety patients with skin and soft tissue, intraabdominal, gynecologic, respiratory, urinary tract, or other infections that required pare...