Orofacial clefts include cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and cleft lip and palate (CLP), which combined represent the largest group of craniofacial malformations in humans with an overall prevalence of one per 1,000 live births. Each of these birth defects shows strong familial aggregation, suggesting a major genetic component to their etiology. Genetic studies of orofacial clefts extend bac...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in prevalence of the different categories of facial cleft deformities between the white and black patients in a database of 2806 cleft cases at the University of Pretoria. No variation of clefts between these two groups has ever been compared previously. For this purpose, the clefts were classified according to the system descr...

background and aims: nowadays, orofacial clefts are known as the most common orofacial birth defects. several factors are responsible for problem, such as environmental factors, genetic background, nutritional deficiencies such as vitamins, zinc, iron, maternal diseases, exposure to teratogenicagents, smoking, drugs, organic solvents. the aim of this study was to evaluate the of risk factors fr...

Background Orofacial clefts are among the most common congenital craniofacial malformations and may be associated with other birth defects. However, the proportion and type of additional anomalies vary greatly between studies. This study assessed the prevalence and type of associated congenital malformations in children with orofacial clefts, who attended the largest cleft lip and palate tertia...

There is consistent evidence that the risk of neural tube defects is decreased by periconceptional supplementation with folic acid. A similar protective effect has been postulated for oral clefts. A case-control study was conducted in greater metropolitan Boston; Massachusetts; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and southeastern Ontario, Canada, from 1988 through 1991 to test the hypothesis that folic...

background: several studies have examined the effects of folic acid fortification on the occurrence of orofacial clefts. this study was carried out to evaluate the impact of flour fortification with folic acid on oral clefts in northern iran.   methods : in this hospital based study from march 2006 to september 2009, we screened the total number of live births at all hospitals in golestan provi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between AXIN2, CDH1 and IRF6 with oral clefts in a cohort from Latvia. MATERIAL AND METHODS 283 unrelated individuals, 93 born with isolated oral clefts and 190 individuals born without any structural abnormalities were evaluated. Cleft type and dental anomalies outside the cleft area were determined by clinical examination. Four SNPs were selected for th...

BACKGROUND Nonsyndromic oral clefts are craniofacial malformations, which include cleft lip with or without cleft palate. The etiology for oral clefts is complex with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to risk. Previous genome-wide association (GWAS) studies have identified multiple loci with small effects; however, many causal variants remain elusive. METHODS In this study, ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Previous studies of academic achievement of children with oral clefts have mostly relied on small, clinic-based samples prone to ascertainment bias. In the first study in the United States to use a population-based sample with direct assessment, we evaluated the academic achievement of children with oral clefts relative to their classmates. METHODS Children born with ...

A novel method was validated for the efficient distinction between malaria parasite-derived and host cell proteins in mass spectrometry analyses. This method was applied to a ghost fraction from Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes containing the red blood cell plasma membrane, the erythrocyte submembrane skeleton, and the Maurer's clefts, a Golgi-like apparatus linked to and addressing ...