[no abstract available]

Multi-model ensembles of climate predictions constructed by running several global climate models for a common set of experiments are available for impact assessment of climate change. Multi-model ensembles emphasize the uncertainty in climate predictions resulting from structural differences in the global climate models as well as uncertainty due to variations in initial conditions or model pa...

Mountain regions worldwide are affected by climate change. Indeed, mountains represent unique areas for the detection of climate change and the assessment of climate-related impacts (Beniston 2003; Messerli & Ives 1997). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has predicted dramatic impacts on mountain ecosystems as a result of climate change. Changing climates will potentially alt...

Given the scientific consensus that climate change is impacting biodiversity, estimates of future climate change effects on stream communities and assessments of potential biases are necessary. Here, we propose a simple technique to approximate changes in invertebrate and fish biomonitoring results. Taxa lists for 60 (invertebrate) and 52 (fish) sites were each modified by 10 multipliers as ste...

The concept of climate sensitivity has more than a century of history. According to this concept, a change in the global near-surface air temperature of the Earth, T , due to external disturbance of the Earth’s energy balance, can be linearly related to a change in the net radiation at some level in the atmosphere, F. Thus,
T F, where is the climate sensitivity. By doubling the pre-industrial ...

Climate change has the potential to increase the challenge of preventing and controlling outbreaks of infectious diseases. An adaptation assessment is an important aspect of designing and implementing policies and measures to avoid, prepare for, and effectively respond to infectious diseases outbreaks. The main steps in conducting an adaptation assessment include: 1) evaluating the effectivenes...

Cities are developing innovative strategies to combat climate change but there remains little knowledge of the winners and losers from climate-adaptive land use planning and design. We examine the distribution of health benefits associated with land use policies designed to increase vegetation and surface reflectivity in three US metropolitan areas: Atlanta, GA, Philadelphia, PA, and Phoenix, A...

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and global and regional climates are already changing as a result of human activities. More change seems likely. Historical climate variations, particularly in rainfall, have had significant impacts on the Australian cropping industries and consequently we would anticipate additional impacts from future climate change. However, the magnitude of th...

UNLABELLED This article provides examples of adverse health effects, including weather-related injury, food insecurity, mental health issues, and water infrastructure damage, and the responses to these effects that are currently being applied in two Northwest Alaska communities. BACKGROUND In Northwest Alaska, warming is resulting in a broad range of unusual weather and environmental conditio...