Seventy-five clonal populations of morphologically transformed 10T1/2 cells were established from independent Type II and Type III foci that were of spontaneous origin or were induced by the carcinogenic agents jV-methyl-JV'-nitro-jV-nitrosoguanidine, benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide-I, and 3-methylcholanlhrene. Clonal populations were characterized for ex pression of selected transformation phenoty...

Clonal growth allows plants to spread horizontally and to experience different levels of resources. If ramets remain physiologically integrated, clonal plants can reciprocally translocate resources between ramets in heterogeneous environments. But little is known about the interaction between benefits of clonal integration and patterns of resource heterogeneity in different patches, i.e., coinc...

Background Reconstruction of clonal evolution is critical for understanding tumor progression and implementing personalized therapies. This is often done by clustering somatic variants based on their cellular prevalence estimated via bulk tumor sequencing of multiple samples. The clusters, consisting of the clonal marker variants, are then ordered based on their estimated cellular prevalence to...

Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, has various unspecific clinical and histological characteristics. Its early diagnosis is challenging. The application of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene clonal rearrangement to the diagnosis of MF has been widely studied. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the diagnostic significance of dete...

The traditional single clonal selection algorithm has a lot of disadvantages, for example, it is easy to be trapped into local optima, and it has a lot of massive redudacy iteration in its later period and inferior global search ability and so on. In this paper, a new artificial immune algorithm is proposed based on the clonal selection theory and the structure of anti-idiotype(IAAI), which is ...

Clonal selection has been a dominant theme in many immune-inspired algorithms applied to machine learning and optimisation. We examine existing clonal selections algorithms for learning from a theoretical and empirical perspective and assert that the widely accepted computational interpretation of clonal selection is compromised both algorithmically and biologically. We suggest a more capable a...

Acute leukemia which is the most common cancer in children is a heterogeneous group of clonal malignancies. The conversion of the leukemic cell lineage during the course of the disease or later is termed lineage switch. It has been rarely reported in the literature. In leukemia lineage switch, conversions from lymphoblastic leukemia to myeloid leukemia or vice versa are reported. Herein, we rep...

OBJECTIVES The increasing prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has been associated with the emergence of the CTX-M-producing sequence type 131 (ST131) pandemic clonal group, a member of the O25b serogroup and the B2 phylogenetic group. To assess the clonal spread of ESBL-producing E. coli in Japan, a regional surveillance programme was conducted. METHO...

thirty five monoconidial isolates of the fungal culture collection pyricularia grisea were examined, to identify the vegetative compatibility groups and characterize the genetic diversity of isolates as through rep-pcr genomic fingerprinting. the isolates were collected from ricefields during 1997-1999. genetic diversity of p. grisea isolates was studied as based on dna fingerprinting through r...