This study develops a general theoretical frameiwork for the analysis of organizational behavior by focusing on the notion that organizations develop unique informationprocessing frameworks, which it labels "organizational images" or "images of operations," that strongly determine their behavior. The model is then used to draw inferences about the forms of counterinsurgency strategies practiced...

When do states defend their reputations? States sometimes pay high costs to protect their reputations, but other times willingly tarnish them. What accounts for the difference? This article investigates reputation building in the context of coercive diplomacy. In coercive bargaining, giving in to a challenge can harm one’s reputation. I argue, however, that states value their reputations less—a...

Using percentile shares, one can visualize and analyze the skewness in bibliometric data across disciplines and over time. The resulting figures can be intuitively interpreted and are more suitable for detailed analysis of the effects of independent and control variables on distributions than regression analysis. We show this by using percentile shares to analyze factors influencing citation im...

Research projects can be evaluated through evaluating the research publications produced through those projects. Research publications are evaluation using impact factors and citation indices. There are several citation indices that are proposed and existed to assess the value of a research publication or the research impact of an author or a journal. In this paper, an extensive survey is condu...

In this paper we address the development of measured responses to coercive actions. We demonstrate, via a case study of kinetic and cyber attacks on a safety-critical software-intensive system, the application of the Schmitt Analysis to the question of whether the attacks have risen to the level of a “use of force” under international law, taking into account both the quantitative and qualitati...

Co/Cu multilayered nanowires were electrochemically fabricated using a pulsed current deposition technique into a nanochannel template. Time-dependence of deposition current was monitored to determine the growth rate of Co and Cu nanowires. Co layer and Cu layer thicknesses were adjusted to several tens nanometers, by controlling the deposition times. With decreasing the each layer thickness, t...

The relative contributions to sexual aggression of general sexual and aggressive motives and their respective inhibitory factors were compared. One hundred forty-three university males responded to self-report measures of sexual and aggressive drives, sex and hostility guilt, social desirability response bias, and history of coercive sexuality. With the effects of social desirability controlled...

A new permeameter has been built and is now available for testing samples of steel and other ferromagnetic materials for their magnetic characteristics such as permeability, remanent induction, coercive force and saturation induction. The present range of operation for the permeameter is from 0.5 Oe to 1250 Oe. Results are presented for two samples of low-carbon steel as well as some preliminar...

Using minor hysteresis loops in the Stoner–Wohlfarth model allows describing experimental behavior of coercive force ferrihydrite nanoparticles with a change field amplitude. The description estimating parameters distribution magnetic anisotropy nanoparticles. best agreement fields estimated by different approaches is achieved for assumption uniaxial

The majority of labor transactions throughout much of history and a significant fraction of such transactions in many developing countries today are "coercive," in the sense that force or the threat of force plays a central role in convincing workers to accept employment or its terms. We propose a tractable principal-agent mode! of coercion, based on the idea that coercive activities by employe...