In this research we examined the relationships among cognitive styles using the categorization of Bion and styles of modulation of emotional behavior (hostile content) explored with the Gottschalk, et al. method applied to the speech of 20 female and 10 male undergraduate students whose ages ranged from 20 to 35 years. Their verbalization was produced in a standard stimulus situation of 3 minut...

Positive attitude is thought to impact academic achievement and learning in children, but little is known about its underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Using a large behavioral sample of 240 children, we found that positive attitude toward math uniquely predicted math achievement, even after we accounted for multiple other cognitive-affective factors. We then investigated the neural mechanism...

People rationalize the choices they make when confronted with difficult decisions by claiming they never wanted the option they did not choose. Behavioral studies on cognitive dissonance provide evidence for decision-induced attitude change, but these studies cannot fully uncover the mechanisms driving the attitude change because only pre- and post-decision attitudes are measured, rather than t...

This study tested a core postulate of social cognitive theory: i.e., that perception precedes cognition in the development of behavior. Using data from four of the first five waves of the 1725-member (918 males, 807 females) National Youth Survey (NYS), youth perception of parental attitude toward deviance and youth attitude toward deviance at Waves 2 and 3 were tested as possible mediators of ...

Background: Globally, adolescent sexual behavior is a major health concern and the focus of many researches. However, negative attitude towards premarital sex and sense of community belonging have not been examined in relation to adolescent sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine whether these two factors are associated with adolescent sexual behavior. Methods: We conducted a ...

Negativity biases, i.e., tendencies for negative features and interpretations to predominate over positive, are known to play a role in the etiology and maintenance of emotional disorders. Both depression and anxiety have been associated with such negative cognitive styles. Recently, Fazio, R.H., Eiser, J.R., and Shook, N.J. [(2004). Attitude formation through exploration: Valence asymmetries. ...

Five experiments investigated the phenomenon that attitude formation is not confined to the co-occurrence of an attitudinal object with an evaluated experience. The pairing of a target with a (dis)liked person not only affects the evaluation of the previously neutral person but spreads to other individuals who are (pre)associated with the target (spreading attitude effect). Experiments 1 and 2 ...

this article has been written based on the findings of the research project “attitudes of the young people of mashhad (age-group 19-29) to religion”. the purpose of the project was to find out these attitudes, to identify cognitive , ………….. other two. there was 54.9% of consistency among the attitude elements. also, in 45.1% of the cases there was no complete consistency among the three element...

objectives : the present study was designed to examine, within the framework of cognitive-behavioral theory, the efficiency of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of depression among young adults. method: three case studies were carried out, with 15 – 17 year old females, suffering from depression. they were selected from among the patients referred to a psychiatrist's office. ea...

this paper aims not to study sadra’s viewpoint on the language of qur’an but aims to offer sadra’s division of and criticisms on the different approaches to the language of qur’an. therefore, this study has been conducted on the negative dimension and has a critical attitude and is not going to study on the positive dimension and to explain sadra’s viewpoint; although recognition of this negati...