A study on ignition and early combustion development has been performed in an optical engine at incylinder thermodynamic conditions representative of those occurring during the cold start of a modern DI Diesel engine for passenger cars at an ambient temperature of -20oC. A general description of the process has been derived from in-cylinder pressure analysis and high speed imaging, and the effe...

We consider N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with SU(N) gauge group at large N and at finite temperature on a spatial S. We show that, at finite weak ’t Hooft coupling, the theory is naturally described as a two dimensional Coulomb gas of complex eigenvalues of the Polyakov-Maldacena loop, valued on the cylinder. In the low temperature confined phase the eigenvalues condense onto a strip ...

The lubrication form of the equations governing the flow of a thin liquid film on a horizontal right circular cylinder is derived. The equations are discretized and solved numerically using an alternating-direction implicit algorithm. Simulations demonstrate that the transition from a uniform coating to a final configuration of distinct drops follows a similar evolution for a wide range of cyli...