Massive stars are born in very obscured regions, far away from us and within dense (proto)stellar clusters. For these reasons, the study of the earliest phases of massive star formation requires the use of high angular resolution tools and cold gas probes. Methanol masers and (sub)millimetre continuum emission satisfy these requirements. Methanol masers are exclusively associated with the earli...

Current high resolution observations of galaxy clusters reveal a dynamical intracluster medium (ICM). The wealth of structures includes signatures of interactions between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the ICM, such as cavities and shocks, as well as signatures of bulk motions, e.g. cold fronts. Aiming at understanding the physics of the ICM, we study individual clusters by both, deep high re...

Context. Large-scale motions in galaxies (supernovae explosions, galaxy collisions, galactic shear etc.) generate turbulence, which allows a fraction of the available kinetic energy to cascade down to small scales before it is dissipated. Aims. We establish and quantify the diagnostics of turbulent dissipation in mildly irradiated diffuse gas in the specific context of shock structures. Methods...

We report observations of gaseous methanol in an edge-on torus surrounding the young stellar object L1551 IRS5. The peaks in the torus are separated by ∼ 10,000 AU from L1551 IRS5, and contain ∼ 0.03 M⊕ of cold CH3OH. We infer that the CH3OH abundance increases in the outer part of the torus, probably as a result of methanol evaporation from dust grain surfaces heated by the shock luminosity as...

We present single-dish and interferometric millimeter line observations of the HH 111 outflow and its driving source. The physical conditions of the protostellar core have been determined from the emission of the millimeter line emission of CO and its isotopomers and CS with the IRAM 30m telescope, and the CO J = 7 → 6 line with the Caltech Submm Observatory. The molecular gas emission reveals ...

oil prices may be having a direct and indirect effect through the exchange rate on the price of agricultural commodities. in this paper, the impact of world oil prices and exchange rate shocks on prices of specific agricultural commodities including wheat, corn, soybeans and sunflowers in iran is discussed. for this purpose, vector autoregressive model with monthly data over the period 2010-199...

in this research, potential effects of oil and monetary policy shocks on economic growth of iran are examined and share of each of them on economic growth are calculated during 1974-2006 period and potential mutual effects of those shocks by using the vector auto regressive (var) model are analysed. results of this research show that oil shocks significantly affected the economic growth in iran...

I examine the role of dust grains in determining the structure of steady, cold, oblique C-type shocks in dense molecular gas. Gas pressure, the inertia of the charged components, and changes in ionization are neglected. The grain charge and rate coefficients for electron-neutral and grain-neutral elastic scattering are assumed constant at values appropriate to the shock interior. An MRN size di...