BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The study aims to determine whether volume transfer constant (K(trans)) maps calculated from first-pass perfusion computed tomographic data are a biomarker of cerebral collateral circulation and predict the clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke caused by proximal arterial occlusion. METHODS Consecutive patients with acute occlusion of the middle cerebral artery who ...

BACKGROUND The collateral circulation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. Current knowledge of the collateral circulation remains sparse, largely because of prior limitations in methods for evaluation of these diminutive routes of cerebral blood flow. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Anatomic descriptions of the collateral circulation often focus on more proximal anastomoses at...

The objectives of this study were to assess the time course of enlargement and gene expression of a collateral vessel that enlarges following occlusion of the femoral artery and to relate these responses to the increases in collateral-dependent blood flow to the calf muscles in vivo. We employed exercise training to stimulate collateral vessel development. Rats were exercise trained or kept sed...

The effect of chronic coronary arterial narrowing on the coronary collateral circulation has been studied in rested and exercised dogs. The data indicate that moderate and severe arterial narrowing results in extensive collateral development proportional to the degree of narrowing, further that exercise leads to even greater anastomoses. The results also show that while mild arterial narrowing ...

The number and diameter of native collaterals in tissues of healthy mice vary widely, resulting in large differences in tissue injury in occlusive diseases. Recent studies suggest similar variation may exist in humans. Collateral variation in mice is determined by genetic background-dependent differences in embryonic collateral formation, by variation in maturation of the nascent collaterals, a...

The formation of coronary collateral vessels is a compensatory mechanism secondary to repetitive or chronic myocardial ischemia. During the past three decades the functional and prognostic benefit of such collateral vessels has been established. There are large interindividual differences in the number and extent of collateral vessels that may be explained by differences in the anatomic situati...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the sensitivity to nitroglycerin of collateral vessels and recipient arteries is greater than that of donor arteries of the collateral circulation. BACKGROUND The collateral circulation responds vigorously to nitroglycerin. However, the mechanisms of the efficacy of nitroglycerin for improving collateral circulation are not ...

The development of collateral circulation has been indirectly monitored by determining peripheral coronary pressure and Xe clearance. In the present experiments, the development of collateral blood flow following gradual (three dogs) and rapid (three dogs) complete occlusion of the central circumflex branch, during partial central occlusion, and in parallel with a rise in peripheral coronary pr...

It is well known that the protective capacity of the collateral circulation falls short in many individuals with ischemic disease of the heart, brain, and lower extremities. In the past 15 years, opportunities created by molecular and genetic tools, together with disappointing outcomes in many angiogenic trials, have led to a significant increase in the number of studies that focus on: understa...

An anomalous collateral artery was found during the dissection for the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap procedure. This anomalous collateral artery was stemming from the left internal thoracic artery. It is believed that this collateral was formed secondary to congenital aortic coarctation causing abnormal growth of the left fourth aortic arch. This is the first reported case of such a collat...