Duplication of the urethra is a rare abnormality that can occur with other urogenital tract congenital pathologies. Ischemia at embryogenesis, sinus defect, Muller`s duct anomaly and incomplete mesodermal fusion are pathophysiological mechanisms pathology onset. diagnostics based on clinical examination, disease anamnesis, urethrography magnetic resonance imaging. It nessessary to consider Effm...

Alimentary tract duplications are uncommon congenital anomalies that usually present during the first decade of life. Complete duplication of the colon in adults is very rare and difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report a case of a 40-year-old female with complete tubular duplication which was initially misdiagnosed as a salpingeal abscess due to colovaginal fistula.

Complete colonic duplication is a very rare congenital anomaly that may have different presentations according to its location and size. Complete colonic duplication can occur in about 15% of all gastrointestinal duplications. Double termination of tubular colonic duplication in the perineum is even more uncommon. We present a case of a Y-shaped tubular colonic duplication which presented with ...

The authors describe a 31 year-old female who presented emergently with abdominal pain and was found at CT to have complete genitourinary duplication including separate urinary bladders, uteri, cervices, and vaginas, and also duplication of the rectum. No etiology for abdominal pain was identified. The patient was referred to urology for further evaluation, and an intravenous urographic study w...

In this paper, we generalize the classical duplication of intervals in lattices. Namely, we deal with partial duplication instead of complete convex subsets. We characterize those subsets that guarantee the result to still be a lattice. Moreover, we show that semi-distributive and extremal lattices can be encompassed by such construction where classical duplication fails.

On The Complexity Of Gate Duplication Ankur Srivastava, Ryan Kastner and Majid Sarrafzadeh Computer Science Department, University of California Los Angeles Abstract|In this paper we show that both the global and local gate duplication problems for delay optimization are NP-complete under certain delay models. Keywords|Gate Duplication, required time, satis ability, VLSI, NP-Completeness.

Urinary tract duplication anomalies have a variety of anatomical and clinical manifestations. In broad terms, duplication anomalies are divided into complete and incomplete (partial). We are hereby reporting a case of a 26 yearold man, who presented acutely with right sided loin pain. Subsequent investigations showed right sided complete duplication with a single left ureter, with all three ure...

Background Congenital duplication of lower extremity, either complete or incomplete is extremely rare. Only 26 cases had been reported till 2010, of which only 5 cases had feature of complete duplication. Theories have been proposed that the cause of this abnormality includes maternal factors like diabetes and usage of teratogenic drugs. Duplication of lower extremity may mimic that of vestigia...