Plant-derived chemicals including aroma oil compounds have an ability to inhibit nerve conduction and modulate transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Although applying aroma oils to the skin produces a local anesthetic effect, this has not been yet examined throughly. The aim of the present study was to know how nerve conduction inhibitions by aroma oil compounds are related to their chem...

Advancements in implantable auditory prostheses now demand preservation of residual auditory function following the surgery. Atraumatic cochleostomy formation is essential to this goal. Clinically reported hearing outcomes in human implantation are still quite variable in this regard. The objective of the study was to determine whether a CO2 laser operated with a handheld hollow waveguide can c...

When stimulated with an appropriate stimulus, the hair cells of the organ of Corti depolarize, causing the release of a neurotransmitter substance, which excites afferent VIIIth nerve dendrites. It is reasonable to hypothesize that excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) generated by the dendrites of the auditory nerve in turn initiate a compound action potential (CAP). The EPSP is thought t...

The effects of pulse application of puromycin (PURO) or cycloheximide (CHX) were tested on the circadian rhythm (CR) of spontaneous compound action potential (CAP) activity in the isolated Aplysia eye. CAP activity was recorded from the optic nerve in constant darkness at 15degreesC. PURO pulses (6, 12 h; 12--134 mug/ml) and CHX pulses (12 h, 500--2,000 mug/ml) caused dose-dependent phase delay...

Deregulation of cap-dependent translation is associated with cancer initiation and progression. The rate-limiting step of protein synthesis is the loading of ribosomes onto mRNA templates stimulated by the heterotrimeric complex, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)4F. This step represents an attractive target for anticancer drug discovery because it resides at the nexus of the TOR signaling path...

We developed an in situ model to investigate the hypothesis that AMPA/kainate (AMPA/KA) receptor activation contributes to hypoxic-ischemic white matter injury in the adult brain. Acute coronal brain slices, including corpus callosum, were prepared from adult mice. After exposure to transient oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), white matter injury was assessed by electrophysiology and immunof...

In the optic nerve, oligodendrocytes maintain axonal function by supplying lactate as an energy substrate. Here, we report that, in acute brain slices of the mouse corpus callosum, exogenous glucose deprivation (EGD) abolished compound action potentials (CAPs), which neither lactate nor pyruvate could prevent. Loading an oligodendrocyte with 20 mM glucose using a patch pipette prevented EGD-med...

introduction: anethole is the main constituent of pimpinella anisum l. (anise), a herbaceous annual plant which has several therapeutic effects. in the folk medicine, anise is employed as an antiepileptic drug. specifically, this study was focused on the cellular effect of anethole, an aromatic compound in essential oils from anise and camphor. anethole has various physiological effects on the ...