Cancer is now a global concern, and control of the function of cancer cells is recognized as an important challenge. Although many aggressive chemical and radiation methods are in practice to eliminate cancer cells, most imply severe adverse toxic effects on patients. Taking advantage of natural physical differences between cancer and normal cells might benefit the patient with more specific cy...

High-speed digital photography was used to study rupture propagation on the interface between transparent damaged and undamaged photoelastic plates. Bilateral ruptures were nucleated on pre-machined faults at an angle α to the uniaxial loading axis. Stress concentration at the crack tips produced fringes in polarized laser light that allowed their positions to be measured in successive photos. ...

Cancer is now a global concern, and control of the function of cancer cells is recognized as an important challenge. Although many aggressive chemical and radiation methods are in practice to eliminate cancer cells, most imply severe adverse toxic effects on patients. Taking advantage of natural physical differences between cancer and normal cells might benefit the patient with more specific cy...

The insufficient healing capacity of articular cartilage necessitates mechanically functional biologic tissue replacements. Using cells to form biomimetic cartilage implants is met with the challenges of cell scarcity and donor site morbidity, requiring expanded cells that possess the ability to generate robust neocartilage. To address this, this study assesses the effects of expansion medium s...

Nucleus replacement by a synthetic material is a recent trend for treatment of lower back pain. Hydrogel nucleus implants were prepared with variations in implant modulus, height, and diameter Human lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) were tested in compression for intact, denucleated, and implanted condition. Implantation of nucleus implants with different material and geometric parameters into...

PURPOSE The study of axial loading is essential to determine the properties of intervertebral disc. The objectives of this work are (1) to quantify the mechanical properties of porcine lumbar intervertebral discs under static and cyclic compressive loading, and (2) to determine the parameters of a five-parameter rheological model for porcine and compare them with those obtained for human lumbar...

Skeletal muscle is a very dynamic tissue, thus accurate quantification of skeletal muscle stiffness throughout its functional range is crucial to improve the physical functioning and independence following pathology. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is an ultrasound-based technique that characterizes tissue mechanical properties based on the propagation of remotely induced shear waves. The objecti...

To investigate the influence of end-plate stiffeners on the initial rotational stiffness of extended end-plate internal joints, an experimental program was carried out to investigate the rotational behavior of the joints. Two finite element methods (FEMs) were proposed using ABAQUS software. The stress distribution, plastic development, and deformation characteristics of extended end-plate join...

This paper addresses the role of lumbar spinal motion segment stiffness in spinal stability. The stability of the lumbar spine was modelled with loadings of 30 Nm or 60 Nm efforts about each of the three principal axes, together with the partial body weight above the lumbar spine. Two assumptions about motion segment stiffness were made: first the stiffness was represented by an 'equivalent bea...

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a major ligament that helps maintain the stability of the knee joint. Injury to the ACL can be treated by replacing the torn ligament. This study determined the optimal flexor tendon length in the bone tunnel in ACL reconstruction.Autologous ACL reconstruction was performed using a flexor tendon in 54 male beagles, with the graft length in the bone tunnel...