A dosimetry intercomparison has been carried out for all 64 radiotherapy centres in the UK. Doses were measured with an ionization chamber in an epoxy resin water-substitute phantom of relatively simple geometry. Reference-point measurements were made for all MV photon beams. For 61 Co-60 beams, a mean ratio of measured-to-stated dose of 1.002 was observed with a standard deviation of 0.014, wh...

There are two methods for evaluating noise exposure in the workplace: dosimetry using a Personal Sound Exposure Meter (PSEM) and sampling using a sound level meter (SLM). This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of both methods in the context of the fundamental objectives of an occupational noise survey, i.e. identification of exposed workers, determination of exposure magnitude, a...

This paper presents results of equivalent dose organ determining to both primary beam and scattered radiation in a computed tomography (CT) procedures. All measurements were carried out to abdomen and critical organ (gonads) area. Selected dosimeters showed a standard deviation of 4.1% below to the reference values established by international guide lines. The equivalent dose in gonads was 14.2...

BACKGROUND Despite advances in medical, surgical, and radiation oncology, deep-seated bone sarcomas that require large osseous resections continue to present resection and reconstructive challenges to musculoskeletal surgeons. METHODS We describe our experience with computer navigation techniques combined with complex pelvic resections and limb-preserving surgeries. RESULTS Computer-assiste...

OBJECTIVES To investigate radiation exposure among the staff of departments of nuclear medicine (NM) and diagnostic radiology (DR) during 2008 and 2009 and to compare the mean doses received with the limit of 20 mSv/year of the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The whole-body dose or effective dose, i.e. Hp(10), and the skin dose, i.e. Hp(0.07),...

Radiation dosimetry is fundamental in Medical Physics, involving patients and phantom dosimetry. In both cases thennoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) is the most appropriate technique for measuring the absorbed dose. In this paper thennoluminescence phenomenon as well as the use of TLD in radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy for in vivo or in phantom measurements is discussed. Some results of measuremen...

Thermoluminescence is an established method for radiation dosimetry as well as retrospective dosimetry. In spite of its great success, different difficulties are associated with its application. These include anomalous fading, changes in the properties of the sample due to its heating in the readout phase, including a sensitization due to the combined effect of irradiation and heating and non-l...

BACKGROUND PET/CT imaging using [18F]-FDG is utilized in clinical oncology for tumor detecting, staging and responding to therapy procedures. Essential consideration must be taken for radiation staff due to high gamma radiation in PET/CT and cyclotron center. The aim of this study was to assess the staff exposure regarding whole body and organ dose and to evaluate environment dose in PET/CT and...

Plans of patients with prostate tumor have been studied. These patients have been scanned in the CT simulator and the images have been sent to the Focal, the system where the doctor delineates the tumor and the organs at risk. After that in the treatment planning system XiO there are created for the same patients three dimensional conformal and intensity modulated radiotherapy treatment plans. ...

While the principle of tomosynthesis has been known for almost a century, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a novel technology that owes its rapid development to the introduction of full-field digital mammography (FFDM). This review article covers the principles and design considerations of DBT, including system geometry. Further, the article provides an in-depth introduction to DBT dosimet...