The ability of a rule-based system to represent generalisations is of great importance. Generalised rules allow more compact rule bases, scalability to higher dimensional spaces, faster inference and better linguistic interpretability. The issue of rule generalisation, and the interplay between general and specific rules in the same evolving population, has received a great deal of attention in...

this paper considers the automatic design of fuzzy rule-basedclassification systems based on labeled data. the classification performance andinterpretability are of major importance in these systems. in this paper, weutilize the distribution of training patterns in decision subspace of each fuzzyrule to improve its initially assigned certainty grade (i.e. rule weight). ourapproach uses a punish...

Theoretical research on claims problems has concentrated on normative properties and axiomatizations of solution concepts. We complement these analyses by empirical evidence on the predictability of three classical solution concepts in a bankruptcy problem. We examine both people’s impartial normative evaluations as well as their actual negotiation behavior in a bargaining with claims environme...

We provide evidence that increased political influence, arising from CIA interventions during the Cold War, was used to create a larger foreign market for American products. Following CIA interventions, imports from the US increased dramatically, while total exports to the US were unaffected. The surge in imports was concentrated in industries in which the US had a comparative disadvantage, not...

We show how ideas originating in the theory of dynamical systems inspire a new approach to numerical integration of functions. Any Lebesgue integral can be approximated by a sequence of integrals with respect to equidistributions, i.e. evenly weighted discrete probability measures concentrated on an equidistributed set. We prove that, in the case where the integrand is real analytic, suitable l...

We address the design of time integrators for mechanical systems that are explicit in the forcing evaluations. Our starting point is the midpoint rule, either in the classical form for the vector space setting, or the Lie form for the rotation group. By introducing discrete, concentrated impulses we can approximate the forcing impressed upon the system over the time step, and thus arrive at fir...

The neutron spin structure function, g1n, has been of considerable interest recently in connection with the Bjorken sum rule and the proton spin crisis. Work on this problem has concentrated on measurements at low-x. We recall the important, non-perturbative physics to be learnt by going instead to larger values of x and especially from a determination of the place where the expected sign chang...

In this paper, we focus on the use of knowledge bases in two different application areas – control of systems with unknown or strongly nonlinear models (i.e. hardly controllable by the classical methods), and robot motion planning in eight directions. The first one deals with fuzzy logic and the paper presents approaches for setting and aggregating the rules of a knowledge base. Te second one i...

The cubic code model is studied in the presence of arbitrary extensive perturbations. Below a critical perturbation strength, we show that most states with finite energy are localized; the overwhelming majority of such states have energy concentrated around a finite number of defects, and remain so for a time that is near exponential in the distance between the defects. This phenomenon is due t...

While previous sentiment analysis research has concentrated on the interpretation of explicitly stated opinions and attitudes, this work addresses a type of opinion implicature (i.e., opinion-oriented default inference) in real-world text. This work describes a rule-based conceptual framework for representing and analyzing opinion implicatures. In the course of understanding implicatures, the s...