People often experience age-related declines in cone-based visual capacities despite an absence of apparent visual pathology. Although mice are used as models of human visual pathologies associated with aging, little is known about how age impacts vision in animals with disease-free retinas since most studies have heretofore examined relatively young mice. We examined the effects of age on cone...

Pulsating cone-jets occur in a variety of electrostatic spraying and printing systems. This paper reports an experimental study of the pulsation frequency to reconcile two models based on a choked jet and an oscillating cone, respectively. The two regimes are demarcated by the ratio of the supplied flow rate (Qs) to the minimum flow rate (Qm) required for a steady Taylor cone-jet. When Qs . Qm,...

An order-restricted (OR) statistical model can be expressed in the general form {Pθ | θ ∈ C}, where C is a convex cone in R. In general, no unbiased estimator exists for θ. In particular, the OR maximum likelihood estimator (ORMLE) is biased, although its aggregate mean square error is usually less than that of the unrestricted MLE (URMLE). Nonetheless, the bias and mean-square error (MSE) of a...

PURPOSE To measure the variation in human cone photoreceptor packing density across the retina, both within an individual and between individuals with different refractive errors. METHODS A high-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope was used to image the cones of 11 human eyes. Five subjects with emmetropia and six subjects with myopia were tested (+0.50 to -7.50 D). For ea...

PURPOSE Downregulation of the retinal insulin/mTOR pathway in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa is linked to cone cell death, which can be delayed by systemic administration of insulin. A classic survival kinase linking extracellular trophic/growth factors with intracellular antiapoptotic pathways is phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), which the authors have shown to protect rod photoreceptors...

Transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) light-cone wave functions of a light meson are important ingredients in the TMD QCD factorization of exclusive processes. This factorization allows one conveniently resum Sudakov logarithms appearing in collinear factorization. The TMD light-cone wave functions are not simply related to the standard light-cone wave functions in collinear factorization by inte...

In retinitis pigmentosa, loss of cone photoreceptors leads to blindness, and preservation of cone function is a major therapeutic goal. However, cone loss is thought to occur as a secondary event resulting from degeneration of rod photoreceptors. Here we report a genome editing approach in which adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery to postmitotic photoreceptors is used to ...

Two single parameter families of polyhedra P (ψ) are constructed in three dimensional spaces of constant curvature C(ψ). Identification of the faces of the polyhedra via isometries results in cone manifolds M(ψ) which are topologically S × S, S or singular S . The singular set of M(ψ) can have self intersections for some values of ψ and can also be the Whitehead link or form other configuration...

We have been using lysed cell models of teleost retinal cones to examine the mechanism of contraction in nonmuscle cells. We have previously reported that dark-adapted retinas can be lysed with the detergent Brij-58 to obtain cone motile models that undergo Ca++- and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent reactivated contraction. In this report we further dissect the roles of ATP and Ca++ in ac...