Of 410 cases of spontaneous or induced abortion in the first or second trimester that were followed up, 95 were infertile. 18 of these had amenorrhea and 12 had oligomenorrhea. Amenorrhea and oligorrhea were more prevalent among the women who were over 31. Amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, and infertility were more frequent after spontaneous than after induced abortion. Asymptomatic tubal block r...

Although amenorrhea may result from a number of different conditions, a systematic evaluation including a detailed history, physical examination, and laboratory assessment of selected serum hormone levels can usually identify the underlying cause. Primary amenorrhea, which by definition is failure to reach menarche, is often the result of chromosomal irregularities leading to primary ovarian in...

BACKGROUND Correction of digit deformities at or near the Joints is performed easily ; however, maintaining the result is often difficult either due to noncompliance of the patient to wear the postoperative splints or problems related to unequal growth of bones or normal tissues compared to the scarred or operated side. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to overcome the above mentioned prob...

Bandoh reported the 3-square-flap method as a procedure for interdigital space reconstruction in patients with minor syndactyly. We recently modified this flap design so that it could be used in the treatment of toe syndactyly involving fusion of the areas distal to the proximal interphalangeal joint. With our method, the reconstructed interdigital space consists of 4 oblong flaps (A through D)...

Two inherent challenges in the mechanistic interpretation of protease-deficient phenotypes are defining specific substrate cleavages whose reduction generates and determining whether result from loss function, accumulation, or a function(s) embodied fragments. Hence, recapitulation phenotype by cleavage-resistant would stringently validate importance proteolytic event clarify underlying mechani...

constrictive pericarditis (cp) is an uncommon post inflammatory disorder. it is described as pericardial thickening, myocardial constriction, and impaired diastolic filling. the most common etiologies are idiopathy, mediastinal radiotherapy, and prior cardiac surgery. less common etiologies include viral infections, collagen vascular disorders, renal failure, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and blun...

background: luteinizing hormone (lh) was secreted by the stimulating cells of the testes and ovaries in the anterior pituitary gland. the application of this hormone is in the treatment of men and women with infertility and amenorrhea respectively. m aterials and methods: in the present study the alpha and beta subunits of human lh gene were cloned into the pegfp-n1 expression vector and produc...

Constrictive pericarditis is an uncommon post-inflammatory disorder characterized by a variably thickened, fibrotic, and frequently calcified, pericardium. Etiology of the constriction can occur for many reasons. Although foreign bodies are not the common cause of constrictive pericarditis, the long-term presence of foreign bodies, like bullets, is presumed to cause chronic constrictive pericar...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to quantify the heterogeneous distribution of echodensities in the pericardial fluid of patients with tuberculous pericarditis using echocardiography and fractal analysis, and to determine whether there were differences in the fractal dimensions of effusive-constrictive and effusive non-constrictive disease. METHODS We used fractal geometry to quantify...

A thorough history and physical examination as well as laboratory testing can help narrow the differential diagnosis of amenorrhea. In patients with primary amenorrhea, the presence or absence of sexual development should direct the evaluation. Constitutional delay of growth and puberty commonly causes primary amenorrhea in patients with no sexual development. If the patient has normal pubertal...