The degree to which the MTL system contributes to effective language skills is not well delineated. We sought to determine if the MTL plays a role in single-word decoding in healthy, normal skilled readers. The experiment follows from the implications of the dual-process model of single-word decoding, which provides distinct predictions about the nature of MTL involvement. The paradigm utilized...

ABSTRACT H.264 as a new-generation video coding algorithm is becoming increasingly important for international broadcasting standards such as DVB-H and DMB. In comparison to its predecessors MPEG-2 and MEPG-4 SP/ASP, H.264 achieves improved compression efficiency at the cost of increased computational complexity. Real-time execution of the H.264 decoding process poses a large challenge on mobil...

In the context of distributed joint source-channel coding, we conceive a joint decoding and estimation scheme for binary Markov sources exhibiting spatio-temporal correlation. The proposed scheme is designed based on the serial concatenation of a trellis coded modulation (TCM) scheme and a unityrate code. The symbol-based maximum a posteriori algorithm employed for TCM decoding is modified in o...

Conventional wisdom dictates that synchronous context-free grammars (SCFGs) must be converted to Chomsky Normal Form (CNF) to ensure cubic time decoding. For arbitrary SCFGs, this is typically accomplished via the synchronous binarization technique of (Zhang et al., 2006). A drawback to this approach is that it inflates the constant factors associated with decoding, and thus the practical runni...

We take a multi-pass approach to machine translation decoding when using synchronous context-free grammars as the translation model and n-gram language models: the first pass uses a bigram language model, and the resulting parse forest is used in the second pass to guide search with a trigram language model. The trigram pass closes most of the performance gap between a bigram decoder and a much...

In this project, we study the problem of natural language grammar induction from a database of sentence part-of-speech (POS) tags. We then present an implementation of the EM-based generative constituent-context model by Klein and Manning. We also present two posterior decoding approaches to be used in conjunction with the constituent-context model and evaluate their performance against regular...

We discuss some of the practical issues that arise from decoding with general synchronous context-free grammars. We examine problems caused by unary rules and we also examine how virtual nonterminals resulting from binarization can best be handled. We also investigate adding more flexibility to synchronous context-free grammars by adding glue rules and phrases.

A central goal of cognitive neuroscience is to decode human brain activity-that is, to infer mental processes from observed patterns of whole-brain activation. Previous decoding efforts have focused on classifying brain activity into a small set of discrete cognitive states. To attain maximal utility, a decoding framework must be open-ended, systematic, and context-sensitive-that is, capable of...

BACKGROUND Assessment of oral reading. AIM to characterize, according to the variables of public or private school and literacy, the types of errors in word reading presented by typical elementary/middle school students considered competent readers by their teachers. METHOD Participants of this study were 151 students with ages ranging between 8 and 12 years, from the 4th to the 7th grade o...