Log-linear modeling is a popular statistical tool for analysing a contingency table. This presentation focuses on an alternative approach to modeling ordinal categorical data. The technique, based on orthogonal polynomials, provides a much simpler method of model fitting than the conventional approach of maximum likelihood estimation, as it does not require iterative calculations nor the fittin...

Over the last few years, the problem of voltage stability has received a lot of attraction from the power system community. This type of stability is now a major concern for utilities in both planning and operating conditions. Both static and dynamic aspects of the problem have been discussed and investigated by the researchers. The present paper concentrates on a Voltage Stability Analysis fun...

Contingency analysis and reaction is a critical task to be carried out by any airplane to guarantee its safe operation in a non-segregated airspace. Pilot’s reactions to any kind of incidences that may occur in-flight, like engine malfunctions, loss of electrical power, hydraulic failure, unexpected weather, etc, will determine the fate of the flight. Nowadays, contingency reactions are mainly ...

We propose an approach for assessing the risk of individual identification in the release of categorical data. This requires the accurate calculation of predictive probabilities for those cells in a contingency table which have small sample frequencies, making the problem somewhat different from usual contingency table estimation, where interest is generally focussed on regions of high probabil...

The Goodman–Kruskal measure, which is a well-known measure of dependence for contingency tables, is generalized to the case when the variables of interest are categorized by linguistic terms rather than crisp sets. In addition, to test the hypothesis of independence in such contingency tables, a novel method of decision making is developed based on a concept of fuzzy p-value. The applicability ...

Contingency tables represent data in a granular way and are a well-established tool for inductive generalization of knowledge from data. We show that the basic concepts of rough sets, such as concept approximation, indiscernibility, and reduct can be expressed in the language of contingency tables. We further demonstrate the relevance to rough sets theory of additional probabilistic information...

In this article we provide an epistemological analysis of three uses of the concept of contingency in biology. On the basis of this analysis we propose a heuristic solution to the issue of contingency versus determinism in the domain of studies on the origin of life, which makes it possible to approach this problem from a scientific point of view rather than by recurring to belief.