The Lactobacillus (Doderlein's bacillus) (Wilson and Miles, 1964) had been regarded as the preponderant micro-organism in the vagina, at least after puberty. During the 1960s a re-examination of the microbiology of the vagina was prompted by the widespread use of potent antibacterial agents and of oral contraceptives (Krupp and St. Romain, 1960; Morris and Morris, 1967; Morris, 1969). During th...

Thrombotic risk is associated with the estrogen dose and type of progestin in combined oral contraceptives. Studies published since 1990 showed that third-generation progestins have larger risk to contribute to thrombosis development than the second-generation. However, there are conflicts in the literature regarding the thrombotic risk associated to the drospirenone progestin. So, this study a...

While venous thromboembolism (VTE) is rare in young women of reproductive age, combined oral contraceptives increase the risk of VTE. In the patient in whom combined hormonal contraception is appropriate, it is reasonable to use any currently available preparation.

objective: this study sought to explore university of ghana business school diploma student's knowledge of contraceptives, types of contraceptives, attitudes towards contraceptive users, preference for contraceptives, benefits, and side-effects of contraceptives. materials and methods: data was conducted with three sets of focus group discussions. participants were systematically sampled from a...

CONTEXT Despite the commitment of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to expand the family planning method mix and increase access to services, awareness of emergency contraception is low among women, and the method remains underused and poorly integrated in family planning programming. METHODS Data from 15 focus group discussions conducted in 2016 among women aged 15-35 were used to e...

Published data on the relative safety of second and third generation oral contraceptives (OCs) is critically assessed. The original four studies published in 1995/1996 and their conclusions are examined in detail, including comments made by other investigators. Each study has advantages and flaws which are balanced in detail. Newer studies are then examined in the same manner. All recent papers...

This study explored the relative effects of self-efficacy on oral contraceptive use among a sample of 352 Iranian married women aged 18-49 years. In structured interviews 5 variables based on the Steps to Behaviour Change model (knowledge, approval, intention, practice and advocacy) were assessed and correlated with measures of family planning self-efficacy and general self-efficacy. The result...