Intercropping systems influence yield variables of the component crops, such as harvest index, hundred seed weight, number of reproductive organs and number of seeds, within each reproductive unit. Two experiments were carried out at each of two sites during 1993 and 1994. The first experiment investigated the effects of seeding soybean or lupin alone or in combination with one of three forages...

The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests of corn in Brazil and have not been successfully managed, because of the difficulty of managing them with pesticides. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bt corn MON810, transformed with a gene from Baci...

Although field corn pest management has remained largely dependent on restricted-use, broad-spectrum insecticides (organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids) for corn rootworm control, this situation is changing rapidly with the 2003–2004 market entry of highly selective tactics, including genetically modified Bt rootworm corn hybrids and nicotinoid insecticidal seed treatments labeled for c...

Final soil manipulation before seed germination occurs during the planting operation. Contact force of depth‐gauge wheels adjacent to the seed opener potentially alters the environment for corn seed germination and early plant growth. A field experiment was conducted measuring seed spacing, spacing variability, seed depth, emergence rate, plant dry matter, final stand, crop growth stage, and ex...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn residue harvest method on animal performance and diet digestibility. Experiment 1 was designed as a 2 x 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of treatments using 60 individually fed crossbred steers (initial BW = 283; SD = 32 kg; n = 12). Factors were corn residue harvest method (highstem and conventional) and supplemental RUP at 2 concentrat...

A field experiment with six treatments was conducted to study the nitrogen reserves in summer maize topsoil on the north China plain. Results showed that topdressing significantly increased topsoil nitrogen reserves. Summer corn topsoil nitrogen reserves were affected by several management measures. Shallow tillage, wheat straw no-returning and deep intertillage at the corn seedling stage signi...

Overland flow from cropland areas often contains nutrients and residue materials can either contribute to runoff nutrient load through leaching or remove nutrients by sorption. Measurements were made of leaching and sorption of nitrogen and phosphorus from corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Pastiche) residues placed in solutions conta...

Unweathered crop residues can produce growth-inhibiting substances, stimulate pathogen growth, and immobilize nutrients. The location of seed relative to residue may be an important factor in the early health of a crop. This greenhouse study simulated sowing conditions possible under annual dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production to evaluate the likelihood of inhibitory effects. ...