In an attempt to repair articular cartilage, allograft articular chondrocytes embedded in collagen gel, were transplanted into full-thickness defects in rabbit articular cartilage. Twenty-four weeks after the transplantation, the defects were filled with hyaline cartilage, specifically synthesising Type II collagen. These chondrocytes were autoradiographically proven to have originated from the...

Galway, Ireland Tissue Engineered Cartilage Patches for Laryngotracheal Reconstruction James E. Dennis, David Gilpin, Mark Weidenbecher, Corresponding Author: [email protected] Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA Introduction Currently, the treatment for tracheal stenosis in infants is ...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis worldwide. It is a complex disease affecting the whole joint but is generally characterized by progressive degradation of articular cartilage. Recent genome-wide association screens have implicated distinct DNA methylation signatures in OA patients. We show that the de novo DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) 3b, but not Dnmt3a, is present in he...

OBJECTIVE Previous studies indicated a difference in crosstalk between canonical WNT pathway and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) signaling in human and animal chondrocytes. To assess whether the differences found were dependent on cell types used, we tested the effect of WNT modulation on NFκB signaling in human primary articular chondrocytes in comparison with the immortalized human costal chondrocyt...

A multitude of signalling cascades are implicated in the homeostasis of articular chondrocytes. However, the identity of these signalling pathways is not fully established. The 3, 5'-cyclic AMP-mediated signalling system is considered to be a prototype. Adenylyl cyclase (AC) is an effector enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cAMP. There are 10 mammalian AC isoforms and some of these are dif...

BACKGROUND Bisphosphonates (BP) increase bone mass in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and are effective in the prevention and treatment of steroid-induced osteoporosis. However, little is known about their direct effects on chondrocytes. OBJECTIVES To study the influence of BP on articular chondrocytes in vitro and to investigate whether BP can prevent steroid-induced apoptosis of articula...