The expansion of the plastics industry during the last few years has introduced the possibility of hazards from new polymers and from modifications to old products. The first two sections of this paper deal with the diminishing incidence of dermatitis in synthetic resin plants using formaldehyde and with the toxic properties of some chemicals added during the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride c...

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the social costs of monopoly in Iranian concentrated industries during 1996-2006. Leibenstein approach has been employed to evaluate the social costs. Leibenstein believed that most monopolistic industries operate inefficiently because of being in the safe margin. Hence, he proposed that the costs of inefficiency be added to the welfare triangl...

In Europe, farmers request that they be supplied with the right drug in the right place for the right animal at the right price: no more, no less. They are not concerned which country or company produces the veterinary biologicals used. Farmers are advised by the veterinary practitioner, but knowledge of neither the country of manufacture nor the producer determines their choice. This attitude ...

Vaccines that are designed for use only in developing countries face regulatory hurdles that may restrict their use. There are two primary reasons for this: most regulatory authorities are set up to address regulation of products for use only within their jurisdictions and regulatory authorities in developing countries traditionally have been considered weak. Some options for regulatory pathway...

The behaviour of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was studied during the manufacture and storage of Iranian white cheese in brine. Cheese was manufactured using pasteurized cow milk and inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 with inoculum level of 103 cfu/ml. Four treatments were designed. Cheeses were made with or without starter culture and kept immersed in 6 or 8% salt brine during ripening and storage. Ch...

background & aim: medicinal plants of the raw materials necessary for the manufacturing industry provides, one of the main products of the country are, on the other hand, the villages, the economic development, the central role, the key is unmatched, to achieve this must be provided opportunities to increase revenue in villages, and one of these occasions, in the province of charmahal-o-bak...

A brief account of the history of the development of cardiac valvular prostheses is given. The use of these devices is analyzed. The authors describe the successive stages of the use of the various types of mechanical prosthetic valves with special reference to the experience in Mexico. They refer to the manufacture of testing and clinical results with the Biomed valves made in Mexico. It is co...

 All electricity generation technologies emit greenhouse gases at some point in their life cycle and hence have a carbon footprint.  Fossil-fuelled generation has a high carbon footprint, with most emissions produced during plant operation. “Carbon capture and storage” could reduce these significantly, though this is unproven at full scale.  Nuclear and renewable generation generally have a ...

Y uegang Zhang is determined to make a better battery. The physicist and materials scientist started his career developing new ways to manufacture and use carbon nanotubes. In 2008, while at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, he found himself drawn to perfecting a promisingbut challengingbattery technology based on lithium–sulfur chemistry. He tested a variety of carbon nanomaterials to m...