Prior work has identified binding credit constraints during recessions. We assess whether corporate diversification alleviates these constraints. We use relative-to-industry growth in sales and growth in inventories as measures of a firm’s ability to fund its activities. We find that during recessions, industry-adjusted sales growth rates drop more for bank-dependent focused firms than for bank...

Consumer borrowing is a large and growing part of the American financial landscape, amounting to over $1.5 trillion in 2000, or 15 percent of GDP. This credit helps households improve the timing of consumption expenditure, allowing consumers to purchase goods and services when they are needed. Still, many households report being credit constrained, with requests for credit rejected or discourag...

A principal requires a manager for production. He can use an internal manager, or contracts with an external manger. In each case, the manager obtains experience benefits from production. When the principal uses an internal manager, both parties share cost information. When the principal contracts with an external manager, only the external manager acquires cost information. The internal manage...

We analyze aggregate shocks in a general equilibrium model of firm dynamics with entry and exit financial frictions. Compared to the productivity shock, shock collateral constraint (credit shock) generates larger change exit. Calibrating credit Great Recession, we find that accounts for lower entry, higher exit, concentration among young firms during Recession. The changes account 19 24 percent...

The monotonicity constraint is a common side condition imposed on modeling problems as diverse as hedonic pricing, personnel selection and credit rating. Experience tells us that it is not trivial to generate artificial data for supervised learning problems when the monotonicity constraint holds. Two algorithms are presented in this paper for such learning problems. The first one can be used to...

We examine a general equilibrium model with collateral constraints and increasing returns to scale in production. The utility function is nonseparable, with no income e¤ect on the consumer’s choice of leisure. Unlike this model without a collateral constraint, we …nd that indeterminacy of equilibria is possible. Hence, business cycles can be driven by self-ful…lling expectations. This is the ca...

Abstract We estimate the relationship between GDP per capita growth and rate of national saving using a panel 130 countries over period 1960–2017. find that increases (decreases) in poor (rich countries), higher credit-to-GDP ratio decreases as well income elasticity rate. develop model with credit constraint to explain growth-saving by behavior entrepreneurs at both intensive extensive margins...

Integrated logistics and financial services have been practiced by third party logistics (3PL) firms for years; however, the literature has been silent on the value of 3PL firms as credit providers in budget-constrained supply chains. This paper investigates an extended supply chain model with a supplier, a budget-constrained retailer, a bank, and a 3PL firm, in which the retailer has insuffici...

Firms in developing countries typically cite credit constraints as one of their primary obstacles to investment. By bringing in scarce capital, it is often argued that foreign direct investment may ease domestic firms’ credit constraints. Alternatively, if foreign firms borrow heavily from domestic banks, they may exacerbate domestic firms’ credit constraints by crowding them out of domestic ca...