BACKGROUND A higher risk of preterm birth among black women than among white women is well established in the United States. We compared differences in preterm birth between non-Hispanic black and white women in Canada and the US, hypothesizing that disparities would be less extreme in Canada given the different historical experiences of black populations and Canada's universal health care syst...

The effect of in vitro preimplantation exposure of mouse embryos to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) on development subsequent to embryo transfer into pseudopregnant surrogate mothers has been investigated. The offspring developed from mouse blastocysts exposed to MNU or to solvent were examined carefully for 1 year after birth and then examined with X-rays and complete autopsies. Metaphase chromos...

introduction all nations are striving for development. economic development is one of the main parts of development process, but not all of it. populations health is one of the main factors of economic development, and child’s mortality is one of the main factors of population health status. the aim of this study is investigating the role of socioeconomic disparties in under 5 mortality in east...

Taking cognisance of the prevailing high maternal and child mortality in the country, India's latest (Eighth) Five Year Plan has adopted an ambitious programme for 'Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM)'. The major objectives of this programme are the reduction of IMR to 50, underfive mortality to 70, maternal mortality t~ 200, and crude birth rate (CBR) to nine. The targets for service-cov...

backgroundeach year about 32.4 million of children are born with low birth weight, which is below the 10th percentile for their gestational ages; moreover, about fifteen million of them are premature. actually, about 60% of neonatal deaths occur in low birth weight neonates related to their prematurity. this study aimed to determine the neonatal death rate and the most common causes of the hosp...

Monthly demographic surveillance by local reporters was continuous in the Tari Basin from 1971 until 1995 and cause of death was determined primarily by verbal autopsy. In 1982 the de jure population was 26,500, 15% aged less than 5 years. Crude birth rate was 34/1000/annum in 1980-1984; from 1977 to 1983 crude mortality rate was 15/1000/annum and life expectancy at birth 50 years. Infant morta...