BACKGROUND Transbronchial Cryobiopsy (Cryo-TBB) represents a new approach for sampling lung tissue in interstitial lung disease (ILD). OBJECTIVES Comparing the reliability of Cryo-TBB results and the procedure's complication rates with the procedure of surgical lung biopsy (SLB). METHODS ILD subjects with the need of lung tissue sampling are analyzed in this prospective trial. To determine ...

Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful tool for imaging liquid and semiliquid systems. While cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a standard technique in many fields, cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) is still not that widely used and is far less developed. The vast majority of systems under investigation by cryo-EM involve either water or orga...

Cryo-electron tomography of vitreous cryo-sections is the most suitable method for exploring the 3D organization of biological samples that are too large to be imaged in an intact state. Producing good quality vitreous cryo-sections, however, is challenging. Here, we focused on the major obstacles to success: contamination in and around the microtome, and attachment of the ribbon of sections to...

AIMS Within the last several years, transvenous cryo-ablation has become an alternative method to perform ablation of the slow-pathway. This study evaluated the acute and long-term safety and effectiveness of atrio-ventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) cryo-ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS The first 69 consecutive patients with AVNRT (60 slow-fast, 4 fast-slow, and 5 slow-slow) who un...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate and long-term results of cryoplasty versus conventional balloon angioplasty in the femoropopliteal artery of diabetic patients. Fifty diabetic patients (41 men, mean age 68 years) were randomized to cryoplasty (group CRYO; 24 patients with 31 lesions) or conventional balloon angioplasty (group COBA; 26 patients with 34 lesions) of the f...

Abstract Animals, plants, and fungi live in a microbe-dominated world. Investigating the interactions processes at host-microbe interface offers insight to how bacteria influence development, health, disease of host. Optimization existing imaging technologies development novel instrumentation will provide tools needed fully understand dynamic relationship that occurs throughout lifetime In this...

It has long been known that gastric mill network activity (cycle period 5-10 s) alters pyloric network output (cycle period approximately 1 s), but these effects have not been quantified. Many pyloric muscles extract gastric mill timed variations in pyloric motor neuron firing, and consequently produce gastric mill timed movements even though no gastric mill neurons innervate them. Determining ...

who by the time he had passed his final medical examination at the age of 40 had been a steel mill melter, a locomotive fireman, a barman, an insurance salesman, and a whisky pedlar, and also a medical student (off and on) for 18 years. After obtaining his qualification in 1948 he spent some time working at a general hospital, and this was followed by a highly successful period as a family doctor.

Simultaneous endoscopic and electrophysiological recordings were used to observe the behavior of the gastric mill complex while recording the motor output of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) in intact crabs. In the crab STG, many pattern-generating neurons are able to fire in several distinct rhythmic motor patterns. Specifically, many neurons can switch between firing in time with the rapid p...