Crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or pharmaceutical drug substances is a crucial unit operation. In this paper challenges and scientific progress over the last two decades in the areas of pharmaceutical crystallization thermodynamics, kinetics, polymorphism, process modeling, and process control were attempted. Effective utilization of such scientific knowledge for optim...

While crystallization historically predates crystallography, it is a critical step for the crystallographic process. The rich history of crystallization and how that history influences current practices is described. The tremendous impact of crystallization screens on the field is discussed.

The green blends of an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide {[EPrI][TFSI]}, and a biodegradable polymer, poly(3hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), were investigated in this study. The influence of an ionic liquid on the crystallization behaviors of a biodegradable polymer was explored. In the blends, the presence of [EPrI][TFSI] decreased the Tg and Tm of PHB. Incor...

Nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys can be produced by partial crystallization of amorphous precursor. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of Nb substitution by vanadium (V) in Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-xVxB9Si13.5 (x=1.5, 3) alloys on their crystallization process and the glass forming ability because the growth of the α-Fe(Si) crystals is reduced by (Nb) diffusion barrier. Amorphous ribbons ...

Protein crystallization is affected by many parameters, among which certain parameters have not been well controlled. The temperature at which the protein and precipitant solutions are mixed (i.e., the ambient temperature during mixing) is such a parameter that is typically not well controlled and is often ignored. In this paper, we show that this temperature can influence protein crystallizati...

This work presents an experimental study on the interplay between structure and dynamics during isothermal cold crystallization of a copolymer based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene isophthalate) of poly(trimethylene terephthalate). Simultaneous X-ray scattering and dielectric spectroscopy measurements revealed that, during cold crystallization, crystalline lamellae tend form l...

Suitable conditions for protein crystallization are commonly identified by screening combinations of independent factors that affect crystal formation. Because precipitating agents are prime determinants of crystallization, we investigated whether a systematic exploration of combinations of mechanistically distinct precipitants would enhance crystallization. A crystallization screen containing ...

Protein crystallization remains one of the bottlenecks in crystallographic analysis of macromolecules. An automated large-scale protein-crystallization system named PXS has been developed consisting of the following subsystems, which proceed in parallel under unified control software: dispensing precipitants and protein solutions, sealing crystallization plates, carrying robot, incubators, obse...

MOLECULAR CRYSTALLIZATION DIRECTED BY NANOPARTICLESAND NANOPATTERNS byLI LIAugust 2013Advisor: Dr. Guangzhao MaoMajor: Materials Science and EngineeringDegree: Doctor of PhilosophyThis dissertation focuses on nanoparticle/nanopattern-induced molecularself-assembly and crystallization. We propose a universal strategy to synthesizeorganic/inorganic hybrid n...

in this article, the crystallization of polyethylene is investigated by the modified weighted density approximation. also, a direct correlation function of polyethylene based on the rism theory is used. the free energy of a polyethylene is calculated using the density functional theory. the crystallization and also the solid and liquid densities of polyethylene are calculated and compared with ...