Abstract. Detection of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 in aquatic environment is difficult to achieve using the culture method. For direct detection of viable toxigenic V. cholerae in aquatic environment, we developed a triplex reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, targeting genes for the outer membrane protein (ompW), cholera toxin A (ctxA) and toxin-coregulated pilli (tcpA) and compared the assay...

The aim of the work was a comparative study expression main virulence genes in Vibrio cholerae strains classical biovar, typical and genetically modified V. , El Tor biovar. Materials methods . Natural toxigenic O1, biovar (J89, Pakistan, 1969), (M-887, Astrakhan, 1970) (301, Taganrog, 2011) were used as model ones. grown under optimum conditions for production cholera toxin toxin-coregulated p...

Introduction One of the main regulators of virulence in Vibrio cholerae is the two-component regulator ToxRS. In V. cholerae, ToxR binds to the promoter and activates the toxT gene, which in turn activates the expression of a number of virulence genes, such as ctxA and tcpA (DiRita et al. 1991). Additonally, ToxR has also been shown to regulate the two outer membrane porins, OmpU and OmpT in a ...

A total of 26 strains of Vibrio cholerae, including members of the O1, O139, and non-O1, non-O139 serogroups from both clinical and environmental sources, were examined for the presence of genes encoding cholera toxin (ctxA), zonula occludens toxin (zot), accessory cholera enterotoxin (ace), hemolysin (hlyA), NAG-specific heat-stable toxin (st), toxin-coregulated pilus (tcpA), and outer membran...

Cholera is now considered to be endemic in Haiti, often with increased incidence during rainy seasons. The challenge of cholera surveillance is exacerbated by the cost of sample collection and laboratory analysis. A diagnostic tool is needed that is low cost, easy-to-use, and able to detect and quantify Vibrio cholerae accurately in water samples within 18-24h, and perform reliably in remote se...

Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged in 1992 and rapidly spread in an epidemic form, in which it replaced existing strains of V. cholerae O1 in Bangladesh during 1992 and 1993. The subsequent emergence of a new clone of V. cholerae O1 of the El Tor biotype that transiently displaced the O139 vibrios during 1994 to 1995 and the recent reemergence of V. cholerae O139 and its coexistence with the E...

In Argentina, as in other countries of Latin America, cholera has occurred in an epidemic pattern. Vibrio cholerae O1 is native to the aquatic environment, and it occurs in both culturable and viable but nonculturable (VNC) forms, the latter during interepidemic periods. This is the first report of the presence of VNC V. cholerae O1 in the estuarine and marine waters of the Rio de la Plata and ...