We theoretically study the effective third-order nonlinear response and optical bistability of the 3D graphene based composite consisting of graphene wrapped dielectric nanoparticles embedded in dielectric host at terahertz frequencies. Taking into account the nonlinear conductivity of graphene, we derive the analytical expressions for the effective third-order nonlinear coefficient χe3 in weak...

1 The core model for the hybrid histidine kinase 1 1.1 Model description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Positive steady states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Necessary conditions for bistability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.4 Necessary and sufficient conditions for bistability . . . . . ...

Signal transduction networks are complex, as are their mathematical models. Gaining a deeper understanding requires a system analysis. Important aspects are the number, location and stability of steady states. In particular, bistability has been recognised as an important feature to achieve molecular switching. This paper compares different model structures and analysis methods particularly use...

Healthy development leads to a fluid integration of competing constraints. A marker of such behavior is hysteresis, reflecting a multi-stable system that takes into account its immediate history. The current study investigates patterns of hysteresis in typically developing children (TD) and those diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The task was to grasp and lift objects that increase...

We analyze the optical bistability and the entanglement of two movable mirrors coupled to a two-mode laser in a doubly resonant cavity. We show that in stark contrast to the usual red-detuned condition for observing bistability in single-mode optomechanics, the optical intensities exhibit bistability for all values of cavity laser detuning due to intermode coupling induced by two-photon atomic ...

Within an isogenic population, even in the same extracellular environment, individual cells can exhibit various phenotypic states. The exact role of stochastic gene-state switching regulating the transition among these phenotypic states in a single cell is not fully understood, especially in the presence of positive feedback. Recent high-precision single-cell measurements showed that, at least ...

We provide a self-consistent mean field approximation in the framework of Mie scattering theory to study the optical bistability of a metallic nanoparticle coated with a nonlinear shell. We demonstrate that the nanoparticle coated with a weakly nonlinear shell exhibits optical bistability in a broad range of incident optical intensity. This optical bistability critically relies on the geometry ...

Optical bistability at nanoscale is a promising way to realize optical switching, a key component of integrated nanophotonic devices. In this work we present an analytical model for optical bistability in a metal nano-antenna involving Kerr nonlinear medium based on detailed analysis of the correlation between the incident and extinction light intensity under surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Th...

Micro RNAs (miRNAs) serve as crucial post-transcriptional regulators in a variety of essential cell fate decisions. However, the contribution of mRNA-miRNA mutual regulation to bistability is not fully understood. In the present study, we built a set of mathematical models of mRNA-miRNA interactions and systematically analyzed the sensitivity of the response curves under various conditions. Our...

In this work we investigate multistability in the lac operon of Escherichia coli when it is induced by a mixture of lactose and the non-metabolizable thiomethyl galactoside (TMG). In accordance with previously published experimental results and computer simulations, our simulations predict that: (1) when the system is induced by TMG, the system shows a discernible bistable behavior while, (2) w...