At the Bonfim mine, cyanide processing used to extract gold from abandoned tailings represents an important environmental concern. In order to evaluate cyanide concentrations, twenty samples of sediments of the main streams crossing the mine site, and ten samples of the five mainly tailings were analyzed for total cyanide. Cyanide was found in two samples of tailings (0.83 and 1.44mg/Kg of tota...

The filamentous fungus Fusarium lateritium is cyanide tolerant, due partly to the induction of the enzyme cyanide hydratase in the presence of cyanide. This enzyme catalyses the hydration of cyanide to formamide. The expression in Escherichia coli of a cDNA clone encoding cyanide hydratase is described. The cDNA cloned was expressed as a transcriptional fusion in the expression vector pKK233-2 ...

Although commonly known as a highly toxic chemical, cyanide is also an essential reagent for many industrial processes in areas such as mining, electroplating, and synthetic fiber production. The "heavy" use of cyanide in these industries, along with its necessary transportation, increases the possibility of human exposure. Because the onset of cyanide toxicity is fast, a rapid, sensitive, and ...

Three water-soluble fluorescent probes have been specifically designed to determine free cyanide concentrations up to physiologically lethal levels, >20 microM. The probes have been designed in such a way as to afford many notable sensing features, which render them unique with regard to signal transduction, photophysical characteristics, and their application to physiological cyanide determina...

Cyanide is highly toxic Cyanide is one of the most toxic chemical substances on Earth. Cyanide is toxic to most aquatic life and humans, even at low concentrations. Its use in gold mining is controversial. The extreme toxicity of cyanide arises from its readiness to react with other elements and hence interfere with normal biological processes. Cyanide gas is a biological weapon and was used in...

Present study deals with understanding the probable metabolic pathway utilized to degrade cyanide present in the bacteria isolated from contaminated soil harboring the loads of industrial effluent mainly rich in cyanide compounds. This was done by performing the enzymatic assay of the enzymes used in the pathway. Present studies were conducted on cyanide utilizing Pseudomonas species isolated f...

background: cyanide poisoning is frequently lethal, because of the early onset of severe symptoms and difficulty in the diagnosis. case: the case was a 29-year-old boy who collapsed suddenly after taking a bottle of beer in a bar. samples, such as peripheral blood, stomach contents, bile fluid, urine and mouth swabs, were prepared using standard autopsy procedure and were subjected to analysis ...

the majority of rhizospheric bacteria, particularly fluorescent pseudomonads are able to stimulate plant growth by producing different metabolites including hydrogen cyanide and siderophores. to evaluate the effect of these metabolites on wheat growth, strains of fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from the wheat rhizosphere in khorasan provinces, identified and studied for production of hyd...

A comparative study was conducted in rat primary cortical (CX) and mesencephalic (MC) neurons to investigate intracellular cascades activated during cyanide-induced injury and to determine the point at which the cascades diverge to produce either apoptosis or necrosis. Cyanide treatment (400 microM) for 24 h produced primarily apoptosis in CX cells, whereas the same concentration of cyanide ind...

The cost of cyanide consumption and destruction can be a significant percentage of total operating costs on a gold plant, and unlike other operating costs, yields no economic “return”. The choice of the best strategy for handling cyanide in the tailings can therefore have a major influence on the economic health of a project. The economic impact of cyanide is different in every operation, but i...