ATP delivery and its usage are achieved by cycling of respective intermediates through interconnected coupled reactions. At steady state, cycling between coupled reactions always occurs at zero resistance of the whole cycle without dissipation of free energy. The cross-bridge cycle can also be described by a system of coupled reactions: one energising reaction, which energises myosin heads by c...

A key element for thermal stress analysis of engine blocks and cylinder heads is an accurate representation of the temperature distribution in the given component. In order to predict the temperature accurately, spatially resolved thermal boundary conditions from the cylinder are required. For the SI engine studied, the Zimont [1] model is used for the in-cylinder combustion and the heat transf...

To eliminate the requirement for skilled workers in Video cassette recorder (VCR) cylinder assembly lines, an automatic adjustment system for VCR magnetic heads on a rotating cylinder unit has been newly developed. The reconstructed image quality is strongly affected by magnetic head setting errors, such as; ( I ) Setting angle error for two symmetrically positioned head. (2) Rotational angle e...

This paper develops a recursion formula for the conditional moments of the area under the absolute value of Brownian bridge given the local time at 0. The method of power series leads to a Hermite equation for the generating function of the coefficients which is solved in terms of the parabolic cylinder functions. By integrating out the local time variable, this leads to an integral expression ...

Mathematical simulation for the reciprocating compressor cycle incorporating the effects of common faults has been developed. The governing equations for different processes are derived by using first law of thermodynamics, continuity equation, equation of mass flow through valves, kinematic equation for piston movement and the cylinder heat transfer correlations. This paper gives the results o...

Pump-controlled hydraulic circuits are proven to be more efficient than conventional valve-controlled circuits. for double rod cylinders well developed and in use many practical applications. Existing pump-controlled single-rod actuators experience oscillation issues under specific operating conditions; that is identified as a critical zone on the load-velocity plane. The challenge these find o...

Hydraulic systems are widely used in manufacturing processes and transportation systems where energy intensive operations are performed and “machine” control is vital. A variety of ßow control products exist including manual directional control valves, proportional directional control valves, and servo-valves. The selection of a control valve actuation strategy is dependent on the system respon...

In an activated muscle, binding sites on the thin filament and myosin heads switch frequently between different states. Because the status of the binding sites influences the status of the heads, and vice versa, the binding sites and myosin heads are dynamically coupled. The functional consequences of this coupling were investigated using MyoSim, a new computer model of muscle. MyoSim extends e...