Omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole are metabolized by several human cytochromes P450, most prominently by CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. Only pantoprazole is also metabolized by a sulfotransferase. Differences in the quantitative contribution of these enzymes and in the relative affinities of the substrates explain some of the observed interactions with carbamazepin, diazepam, phenytoin and theophy...

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT * Nelfinavir is an HIV protease inhibitor, substrate of the transporter P-glycoprotein and metabolized via CYP2C19, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 enzymes. * Pharmacokinetic studies have shown wide interindividual variability of nelfinavir concentrations, some of this variability perhaps caused by variant drug metabolism or transporter genes. * For CYP3A4*1B and CYP3...

AIMS Impaired S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation is a well-described genetic polymorphism affecting drug metabolism in humans. Although ethnic differences in its distribution of polymorphism has been described, it is not known whether there is an ethnic heterogeneity of the structure and expression of the CYP2C19 enzyme in the Malaysian population. METHODS Study subjects were 142 healthy, unrelat...

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular disease that can caused by the presence of coronary artery plaque blockage. Clopidogrel one antiplatelet therapy in CHD patients. CYP2C19 *2 polymorphisms reduce effectiveness clopidogrel active metabolites. This research was conducted at RSUD Sidoarjo East Java from November to December 2017continued monitoring events March 2018. The method used...

The CY2C19 and P2Y12 gene polymorphisms are responsible for resistance to clopidogrel, known as drug unresponsiveness. In this study we researched the effect of gene polymorphism on clinical results of patients who began clopidogrel therapy after acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The study included 51 patients. The patient group included patients who had begun prophylactic clopidogrel due...

Gene polymorphism is considered to be one of the causes of poor metabolism (PM), and approximately 20 mutants have been reported for CYP2C19 thus far. In our analysis of the CYP2C19*3 mutant gene, we detected new CYP2C19 SNPs by cross checking with different procedures. We confirmed a new c>a mutation at the 629 position. Among the 587 healthy Japanese volunteers studied, two subjects carrying ...

BACKGROUND CYP2C19 belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes involved in activating and detoxifying many carcinogens and endogenous compounds, which has attracted considerable attention as a candidate gene for digestive system cancer. CYP2C19 has two main point mutation sites (CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3) leading to poor metabolizer (PM) phenotype. In the past decade, the relationship betw...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms cause amino acid change, and protein structure function are changed. Thus, the patient improves drug resistance does not respond to therapy. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet used for cardiovascular disease therapy such as heart failure, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction.CYP2C19 gene a CYP450 enzyme metabolizes clopidogrel. Polymorphism of CYP2C19 causes clopid...

AIMS It is thought that clopidogrel bioactivation and antiplatelet response are related to cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19). However, a recent study challenged this notion by proposing CYP2C19 as wholly irrelevant, while identifying paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and its Q192R polymorphism as the major driver of clopidogrel bioactivation and efficacy. The aim of this study was to systematically elucidate t...