BACKGROUND There is a discrepancy between the use of terminology employed by clinicians and basic scientists concerning the cytoplasmic droplets of sperm. Most clinicians consider their presence on sperm to be indicative of abnormal sperm, whereas basic scientists consider them to be attributes of normal sperm. METHODS The presence of cytoplasmic droplets on human sperm was examined using con...

Single-cell pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (SCPFGE) with dual electrode pairs was developed to detect the early stage of DNA fragmentation in human sperm. The motile sperm were purified by the commonly used density-gradient centrifugation technique and subsequent swim-up. The sperm were embedded in a thin film of agarose containing bovine trypsin (20 µg/mL) and were then lysed. Prior to SCPFG...

Assisted reproduction with testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are fertility treatment options for couples with severe oligospermia or azoospermia. A retrospective review was performed of 146 TESE procedures in a specialist fertility centre in Ireland. The indication for TESE was obstructive azoospermia (OA) in 59% (n = 80) and non-obstructive azoospe...

Surgical testicular sperm retrieval for intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) purposes is the only possibility of biological fathering in case of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Successful retrieval only correlates with histology, not with FSH values or testicular volume. Concurrent AZFa and AZFb microdeletion predict unsuccessful recovery. Testicular sperm extraction (TESE) (mean of succ...

the objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various combination activators of bovine oocyte following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) in terms of cleavage and embryo development. bovine icsi oocytes were treated with a variation of treatments of combined or single activators as follows; 30 v for 15 x 2 μsec of electrical pulse +10 μg/ml cycloheximide (chx),7% ethanol...

introduction: implantation of transferred embryos in the uterus after ivf_icsi cyclesis an important process that less information about it is available. zona hatching method is a suggested approach for this goal. the aim of this research is about performance of zona hatching by laser. methods: in this study 32 patients that enrolled had ivf/icsi cycles depend on inclusion criteria of study tha...

objective: melatonin, the chief secretory product of the pineal gland, regulates dynamic physiological adaptations that occur in seasonally breeding mammals as a response to changes in daylight hours. because of the presence of melatonin in semen and the membrane melatonin receptor in spermatozoa, the impact of melatonin on the regulation of male infertility is still questionable. the aim of th...

Obesity in men of reproductive age is globally on the increase. There is clear evidence from epidemiological studies that obesity impacts negatively on male fertility; it is associated with hypogonadism, although it is less consistently linked to impaired spermatogenesis and tests of sperm function, including DNA fragmentation. Sperm from obese men used for in vitro fertilisation/intra cytoplas...