This paper proposes a new kind of asymmetric GARCH where the conditional variance obeys two diierent regimes with a smooth transition function. In one formulation, the conditional variance reacts diierently to negative and positive shocks while in a second formulation, small and big shocks have separate eeects. The introduction of a threshold allows for a mixed eeect. A Bayesian strategy, based...

DESCRIPTION A full-term baby girl weighing 2.9 kg was born by normal delivery. The anomaly scan at 20 weeks (including a 3D facial scan) was normal. She was born in good condition, but was noticed to have bilateral purple-coloured tense mobile, non-pulsatile masses below the medial canthus (figure 1). At 6 h of age, she had a cyanotic episode with airway obstruction soon after feeding. She unde...

BACKGROUND Congenital amniontocele also known as congenital dacryocystocele is an uncommon variant of a very common condition (Naso-Lacrimal Duct Obstruction, NLDO) that affects newborn babies. The congenital amniontocele causes obstruction of the lacrimal drainage system creating a cystic swelling of the lacrimal sac. It usually presents at birth or soon after birth, as a bluish swelling, belo...

We describe an infant with respiratory distress due to bilateral dacryocystoceles and dacryocystitis who was successfully treated with urgent bilateral endoscopic marsupialization. A male infant was brought to our outpatient department 7 days after birth, with red, acutely inflamed swellings near the medial canthal area of both eyes. From birth, there had been bluish swelling near the medial ca...

Since newborns are obligatory nasal breathers, upper respiratory tract problems may sometimes be life threatening. The most common pathology causing dyspnea and stridor in newborns is laryngomalacia. Nasal cavity pathologies that risk the neonatal airway are more rarely met. These anomalies may be seen either as solitary anomalies or as a part of a syndrome. While choanal atresia is one of the ...