Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites accumulate in adipose tissue through dietary exposure, and have been proposed to contribute to the development of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Toxicity may also result when DDT and its metabolites are released from adipose tissue into the bloodstream as a result of rapid weight loss. We hypothesized that DDT-ex...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES AmpC β-lactamases which are often plasmid mediated hydrolyze all β-lactam antibiotics except cefepime and carbapenems. We evaluated the presence of AmpC β-lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae strains recovered prospectively from patients at five Indian tertiary care centres. METHODS The study included 909 consecutive Gram-negative isolates recovered from clinically sign...

OBJECTIVES A growing incidence of pathogens producing carbapenemases has been observed in many countries including Bangladesh. The present study was carried out to determine the presence of carbapenemase producers among uropathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 138 Gram-negative uropathogens were isolated and identified by conventional methods and were screened for carbapenemase producti...

Insecticide-resistance threatens the control of mosquito-borne diseases like malaria or dengue fever. To ensure sustainable vector control we need a full understanding of the factors driving the evolution of resistance. We test the hypothesis that the expression of insecticide-resistance depends on the available resources by rearing genetically DDT-resistant and sensitive larvae of Anopheles mo...

The susceptibility of Anopheles minimus s.l., Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus to insecticide in northern Thailand was monitored by using the WHO standard susceptibility test. Oneto two-day old female mosquitos, which were reared from wild caught females or immature stages, were exposed to discriminating dosages of insecticides for recommended exposure periods, and the ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of phenotypic expression of inducible resistance of clindamycin due to expression of erm genes, in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), by double disk diffusion test (D-test). METHOD This was a cross sectional study conducted in the clinical laboratory of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. A total of 2432, non duplicate clinical isolate...

In this paper I present the double disjunction task as introduced by Johnson-Laird. This experiment is meant to show how mental model theory explains the discrepancy between logical competence and logical performance of individuals in deductive reasoning. I review the results of the task and identify three problems in the way the task is designed, that all fall under a lack of coordination betw...

Optic disc pits are an uncommon congenital abnormality. Patients remain asymptomatic unless they develop maculopathy. We present a rare case of a double optic disc pit of which only three others have been reported worldwide. A 51-year-old gentleman presented with blurred vision. Fundoscopy revealed a right double optic disc pit. Though he was symptomatic there was no evidence of maculopathy. OC...

OBJECTIVE To compare double disc approximation and combined disc method for their ability to detect extended spectrum b lactamase (ESBL) production in enterobacteriaceae and determine the percentage of isolates which are falsely reported as sensitive in absence of ESBL detection, in a clinical microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital between September-October 2002. METHODS Selected...