Full genome sequences of 20 strains of Clostridium chauvoei, the etiological agent of blackleg of cattle and sheep, isolated from four different continents over a period of 64 years (1951-2015) were determined and analyzed. The study reveals that the genome of the species C. chauvoei is highly homogeneous compared to the closely related species C. perfringens, a widespread pathogen that affects...

MOTIVATION Dead-End Elimination (DEE) is a powerful algorithm capable of reducing the search space for structure-based protein design by a combinatorial factor. By using a fixed backbone template, a rotamer library, and a potential energy function, DEE identifies and prunes rotamer choices that are provably not part of the Global Minimum Energy Conformation (GMEC), effectively eliminating the m...

To explore the possibility of self-organized criticality, we look for CFTs without any relevant scalar deformations (a.k.a. dead-end CFTs) within power-counting renormalizable quantum field theories with a weakly coupled Lagrangian description. In three dimensions, the only candidates are pure (Abelian) gauge theories, which may be further deformed by Chern-Simons terms. In four dimensions, we ...

Drug research: dead end or new horizon? Industrial drug research is facing a crisis. Higher investments are necessary for the discovery of fewer drugs, and the return on investment shrinks.1 2 Regulatory constraints3 and financial pressures4 have been blamed for slowing the development of new drugs at a time when truly new discoveries have become rare events. Among the new drugs established in ...

Many philosophers take it for granted that epiphenomenalism is obviously a dead end for an understanding of the human mind and its relation to the physical world and nothing but a counterintuitive theory of last resort. Others, by contrast, think that epiphenomenalism might be the way out of some of the severest problems discussed in the philosophy of mind during the past decades. Traditionally...

While current view technology assumes that the ISs do not change their schema, our Evolvable View Environment (EVE) project addresses this problem by evolving the view deenitions aaected by IS schema changes, which we coin view synchronization. In EVE, the view synchronizer rewrites the view deenitions by replacing view components with suitable components from other ISs. However, after such a v...

Diffusion in a comb-like structure, formed by a main cylindrical tube with identical periodic dead ends of cylindrical shape, occurs slower than that in the same system without dead ends. The reason is that the particle, entering a dead end, interrupts its propagation along the tube axis. The slowdown becomes stronger and stronger as the dead end length increases, since the particle spends more...

1Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Entomology, Soils, and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, 2200 Pocket Road, Florence, SC 29506-9706, USA; 2Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd., Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 2J3; 3Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA. Technical C...

In this paper we present an algebraic model for the description of probabilistic and nondeterministic processes: PNAL (Probabilistic and Nondeterministic Algebraic Language), an extension of EPL, dee-ned by Matthew Hennessy, including a probabilistic choice operator. An operational semantics and a testing semantics for the language are presented. A denotational semantics for the nite subset of ...

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