Brandy stabilization is an important step aimed at decanting the suspended organic and inorganic particles that may cause undesirable turbidity (cloudiness or haze) in brandies, affecting physico-chemical stability, organoleptic characteristics, consumer’s quality perception of brandy. This phenomenon originates from insoluble salts, volatile compounds (higher alcohols, fatty acid esters, other...

The paper presents the use of a Mass Separation Agent (entrainer) in reactive distillation processes. This can help to overcome limitations due to distillation boundaries, and in the same time increase the degrees of freedom in design. The catalytic esterification of fatty acids with light alcohols C2-C4 is studied as application example. Because the alcohol and water distillate in top simultan...

Culture and Collection illethods-A wild Oregon R stock of Drosophila melanogaster which is highly inbred was used throughout these experiments. Cultures were grown on a medium containing corn meal, agar, sucrose, glucose, brewers’ yeast, living yeast, propionic acid, and phosphoric acid. When the resulting progeny were to be uniformly labeled with s2P, the phosphoric acid was omitted from the m...

Pasteuria penetrans Sayre & Starr parasitizes several nematode species and is considered a promising biocontrol agent of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. (1,7). Numerous plant-parasitic nematodes, including Tylenchulus semipenetrans, however, are seldom if ever infected by this biocontrol agent (3). Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb is the most economically important and widespread nematod...

There are several long term water quality issues associated with discharging nutrients, specifically nitrogen and phosphorus into receiving water streams that are very difficult to manage. Due to these concerns many environmental regulatory agencies have either established nutrient discharge criteria or in the process of developing nutrient management plans. If a wastewater treatment plant is r...

This paper presents a multi-criteria model to identify the best technology for separating fat from dairy waste and evaluates economic feasibility of its implementation. Also, incorporates analysis project specificities. The methodology was structured in four steps: (i) identification criteria technologies by systematic literature review; (ii) acquisition qualitative information (linguistic vari...

Conversion of tropical forests to agricultural lands is one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss. To assess the impact of such forest conversion on microbial diversity, the present study investigated the diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in undisturbed forests (UF), Slash-and-Burn Fields (SBF) and Monoculture Forests (MF). The study sites are located adjacently on a hilly sl...

Catechol is used in many industries. It can be removed from wastewater by various methods but biological processes are the most superior and commonly used technology. The SCR is a modified form of SBR used to degrade catechol. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of SCR for biodegradation and mineralization of catechol under various inlet concentrations (630-1500 mg/L)...

Hairy root culture of tomato (Lycopersicon esculantum L.) was induced with three strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes namely A4, ATCC 15834 and LBA 9402. The best response in terms of growth of hairy root was observed with A. rhizogenes strain A4 and LBA 9402 followed by ATCC 15834. Hairy roots were maintained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium but it could also grow on minimal (M) medium. Spore...

The colloidal dimer particles are templated from sacrificial α-Fe2O3 (hematite) core particles prepared via aging of a condensed Fe(OH)3 gel as described in [1]. In a typical synthesis, 50 mL of FeCl3 (2.0 M) is mixed with 45 mL of NaOH (6.0 M) and 5 mL of the shapemodifier, Na2SO4 (0.6 M), before being placed in an oven set at 100°C for 8 days. To make the nonmagnetic particles investigated in...