Two different low-energy proton (LEP) test methods, one with quasi-monoenergetic (QME) and the other very wide beam energy spectra, have been studied. The two methodologies applied to devices that were suggested from prior heavy-ion tests be sensitive direct ionization (PDI). advantages disadvantages of methods are discussed. method using QME beams requires device preparation high-energy resolu...

For the sLHC phase I, the ATLAS detector will be upgraded by installation of an additional Pixel Detector layer. The new layer will be inserted between the B-layer of the existing pixel detector and a new smaller radius beam-pipe. This upgrade requires development of several new technologies to cope with increased radiation doses to which the apparatus will be exposed, signi cant rise of the pa...

In deep sub-micron technologies, as the wires are placed ever closer and signal rise and fall times go into the sub-nano second region, increased cross talk has implications on the data throughput and on signal integrity. Depending on the data correlation on the coupled lines, the delay can either decrease or increase. Here we show that in uniform coupled lines, the response for several importa...

Repeater insertion is a well established technique to minimise the propagation delay over long resistive interconnect. In deep sub-micron technologies, as the wires are spaced ever closer and signal rise and fall times go into the sub-nano second region, increased cross talk has implications on the data throughput and on signal integrity. Depending on the data correlation on the coupled lines, ...

background & objectives: odontogenic cysts are among the most frequent destructive lesions of jaws which their pathogenesis and growth mechanism are not cleared. with respect to different roles of mast cells, they may play a role in the pathogenesis and growth of odontogenic cysts. the aim of present study was to evaluate mast cells in the most common odontogenic cyst. methods: thirty  para...

In this work, IDDQ current for the deep sub-micron VLSI in year 2011 is estimated with a statistical approach according to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 1999 Edition considering process variations and different input vectors. The estimated results show that the standard deviation of the IDDQ current is proportional to the square root of the circuit size and the IDDQ cu...

A simple and fast process for micro-electromechanical (MEM) resonators with deep sub-micron transduction gaps in thin SOI is presented in this paper. Thin SOI wafers are important for advanced CMOS technology and thus are evaluated as resonator substrates for future cointegration with CMOS circuitry on a single chip. As the transduction capacitance scales with the resonator thickness, it is imp...

A simple and fast process for micro-electromechanical (MEM) resonators with deep sub-micron transduction gaps in thin SOI is presented in this paper. Thin SOI wafers are important for advanced CMOS technology and thus are evaluated as resonator substrates for future cointegration with CMOS circuitry on a single chip. As the transduction capacitance scales with the resonator thickness, it is imp...