background: spina bifida and anencephaly are among serious and fatal anomalies in infants that may lead to a 50-70% of reduction in incidence when folic acid is consumed before conception. methods: in a cross sectional study, 2997 pregnant women were evaluated to determine the level of their knowledge and practice about using folic acid in fars province, southern iran. results: eighty percent o...

objective while the effects of folic acid are well established in prevention of neural tube defects (ntds), these diseases have a high prevalence in iran. in order to encourage folic acid supplement use in pregnancy, it is important to promote the awareness of women of childbearing age regarding folic acid importance in preventing ntds. the aim of the present study was to study the knowledge an...

the adsorption of a number of amino acids on a defected single-walled carbon nanotube (swcnt) isinvestigated by using the density-functional theory (dft) calculations. the adsorption energies andequilibrium distances are calculated for various configurations such as amino acid attaching to defectsites heptagon, pentagon and hexagon in defective tube and also for several molecular orientationswi...

statement of problem: among periodontal defects, the furcation involvement represents one of the most chalenging scenarios due to the difficulty of achieving a predictable improvement regardless of the type of periodontal therapy. moreover, the presence of furcation involvement has been demonstrated to considerably affect tooth prognosis. thus, treatment of furcation defects is a challenge in c...

background: neural tube defects (ntds) including spina bifida and anencephaly are the second most common birth defects with 2.8 per 1000 births in northern iran. objectives: this study was conducted to determine the risk factors of neural tube defects in gorgan, north of iran. patients and methods: this hospital-based, case-control study was carried out on all ntd-affected pregnancies (n = 59) ...

fixed myocardial defects in both stress and rest images, could be artifactual as a result of soft tissue attenuation. to increase specificity and identify the false positive results, we used gated technique to evaluate the wall motion and wall thickening as an index to differentiate real ischemic lesions from artifactual defects. 93 patients were studied. in 46 patients (48.8%) fixed perfusion ...

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate surface topography of WaveOne Gold (WOG) and WaveOne (WO) files using SEM before and after use. Methods: Twelve primary files from each system were scanned for surface defects before instrumentation at 100x and 750x. Each file was planned ti be used to instrument six root canals and then examined under SEM after preparing one, three and six...

holt-oram syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, characterised by skeletal abnormalities of the upper limb associated with congenital heart defect, mainly atrial and ventricular septal defects. skeletal defects exclusively affect the upper limbs in the preaxial radial ray distribution and are bilateral and asymmetrical. they range from clinodactyly, absent or digitalised thumb, hypoplastic...

background: the incidence of dentinal defects may infl uence the outcome of root canal treatment. the aims of this study were to evaluate and compare the incidence of dentinal defects following root canal obturation with two different techniques. materials and methods: a total of 110 mesial roots of human mandibular fi rst molars were selected. twenty-seven roots were left unprepared as negativ...