Security metrics have received significant attention. However, they have not been systematically explored based on the understanding of attack-defense interactions, which are affected by various factors, including the degree of system vulnerabilities, the power of system defense mechanisms, attack (or threat) severity, and situations a system at risk faces. This survey particularly focuses on h...

Although adopted by many cryptocurrencies, the Bitcoin mining protocol is not incentive-compatible, as the selfish mining strategy enables a miner to gain unfair mining rewards. Existing defenses either demand fundamental changes to block validity rules or have little effect on an attacker with more than one third of the total mining power. This paper proposes an effective defense mechanism aga...

In many image classification applications, it is common to extract multiple visual features from different views to describe an image. Since different visual features have their own specific statistical properties and discriminative powers for image classification, the conventional solution for multiple view data is to concatenate these feature vectors as a new feature vector. However, this sim...

In this paper we provide evidence for Evans and Lyons’ (2005b) model of an information aggregation process in FX markets using a German bank’s end-user order flow from 2002 to 2003. Though customer order flow is unambiguously the vehicle incorporating non-public information into exchange rates over time, our empirical analysis does not support the widespread optimism in the market microstructur...

theatrical works of art related to iraq & iran war are refered to as the genre of “the sacred defense theatre”. although various organizations were established to support these works but this genre have not been produced continuously. indeed, the sacred defense theatre is a kind of war theatre that not only deals with themes, situations, events and characters of war but also reflects moral and ...

High power semiconductor lasers with wavelengths in the eye-safer region have application to a variety of defense, medical and industrial applications. We report on the reliability of high power multimode and single mode InGaAsP/InP diode lasers with wavelengths in the range 1320 to 1550 nm in a variety of configurations, including single-chip, conduction-cooled arrays, arrays incorporating int...

The JAEA and JLAB energy-recovery IR free-electron lasers (ERL-FEL) have successfully demonstrated their capabilities of a sub ps pulse, high efficiency, GW high peak power, kW average power, and wide tunability. Utilizing the high power FEL and ERL technologies, we could realize a more powerful and more efficient FEL than 20kW and 25%, respectively, for nuclear industry, pharmacy, medical, def...

Micromachined microsystems and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) have made possible the development of highly accurate and portable sensors and instrument for a variety of applications in the health care, industrial, consumer products, avionics, and defense. Design of low-power circuits for these applications, and use of micromachined sensors and actuators in combination with integrated c...