As in most of the existing industrial process control applications, the desired value of the controlled variable, or set-point, normally remains constant (regulatory control or disturbance rejection operation) but needs to be changed (servo-control or setpoint tracking operation) we are mainly interested in the two-degree-of-freedom (2DoF) implementation of the PID control algorithms. The extra...

Ductility demand during an earthquake has long been known to be a good measure of structural damage in buildings during earthquakes. For design purposes it is considered a priori according to some rules that may or may not apply to each building. Such ductility parameters are mostly based on the response of a single degree of freedom system to ground motions. However, it has been probed that th...

In this paper we develop the best homogeneous matrix transformation to fit two streams of dynamic six degree of freedom (6DOF) data. In particular, we compare object position and orientation results from two 6DOF sources. A problem that arises when comparing these two data streams is that they are not necessarily in the same coordinate system. Therefore, a method to transform one coordinate sys...

This paper is about discrete sensitivity analysis. A triangular bending element with constant moment and six degrees of freedom is used. The required derivatives for sensitivity analysis are calculated explicitly. These formulations, finite element method and sequential linear programming are utilized to find shape optimization of plate bending structures. The numerical examples, which show the...

A theoretical relation is presented between the seismological Fourier amplitude spectrumand the mean squared value of the elastic response, which is defined by Gaussian distribution. Byshifting a general process to its mean value, spectrum of the mean squared value of the displacementis computed from the Fourier amplitude spectrum and the real part of the relative displacementtransfer function ...

Chi-square tests are generally used for distinguishing purposes; however when they are combined to simultaneously test several independent variables, extra notation is required. In this study, the chi-square statistics in some previous works is revealed to be computed half of its real value. Therefore, the notion of Multi _ Chi-square tests is formulated to avoid possible future confusions. In ...

Inference for detecting the existence of an association between a diallelic marker and a trait locus is based on the chi-squared statistic with one degree of freedom. For polymorphic markers with m alleles (m > 2), three approaches are mainly used in practice. First, one may use Pearson's chi-squared statistic with mÿ 1 degrees of freedom (d.f.) but this leads to a loss in test power. Second, o...

Some engineering applications require structures to expand and contract in size, while retaining their exterior shape. The applications range from mundane daily life objects to more fancy art structures. In contrast to a multi degree-of-freedom structure, a single degree-of-freedom structure can be driven by a single actuator, reducing cost and simplifying the control. In this paper, we study s...

Prosthetic wrists need to be compact. By minimizing space requirements, a wrist unit can be made for people with long residual limbs. This prosthetic wrist uses two motors arranged across the arm within the envelope of the hand. The drive is transmitted by a differential so that it produces wrist flexion and extension, pronation and supination, or a combination of both. As a case study, it was ...

In this thesis, the performance criteria for the objective comparison of different classes of single-degree-of-freedom oscillators under stochastic excitation are developed. For each family of oscillators, these objective criteria take into account the maximum possible energy harvested for a given response level, which is a quantity that is directly connected to the size of the harvesting confi...