The surface formation of NH3 and its deuterated isotopologues – NH2D, NHD2, and ND3 – is investigated at low temperatures through the simultaneous addition of hydrogen and deuterium atoms to nitrogen atoms in CO-rich interstellar ice analogues. The formation of all four ammonia isotopologues is only observed up to 15 K, and drops below the detection limit for higher temperatures. Differences be...

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Abstract We report a neutronics study of blanket mock-up using discharge-type compact fusion neutron source. Deuterium–deuterium neutrons were irradiated to the mock-ups composed tritium breeder and reflector/moderator. The production rate (TPR) per source was measured by single-crystal diamond detector with 6 Li-enriched lithium fluoride film convertor after calibration process. Despite low yi...

introduction agates are presumed as a kind of precious stone that could be formed in magmatic, metamorphic and even sedimentary environment. mechanism for agate formation is not clear and is produced in laboratories. some hot springs and geothermal activity or white chimneys in the ocean floor, have some deposits like chalcedony but never produce agate. agate formation temperature varies betwee...

The interpretation of fluctuations in body weight and changes in the state of hydration requires a knowledge of the total amount of water in the organism. This investigation has been directed towards the perfection of a method for measurement of the total body water in the human subject. The increasing availability and lowered cost of both stable and radioactive isotopes has made possible study...

Data from a 10-month monitoring study during 2007 in the Everglades ecosystem provide insight into the variation of delta(18)O, deltaD, and ion chemistry in surface water and shallow groundwater. Surface waters are sensitive to dilution from rainfall and input from external sources. Shallow groundwater, on the other hand, remains geochemically stable during the year. Surface water input from ca...

We present a new instrument, Hoxotope, for the in situ measurement of H(2)O and its heavy deuterium isotopologue (HDO) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere aboard the NASA WB-57. Sensitive measurements of deltaD are accomplished through the vacuum UV photolysis of water followed by laser-induced fluorescence detection of the resultant OH and OD photofragments. The photolysis laser-in...

INTRODUCTION Mechanisms of water flow across the peritoneal membrane include diffusion, convection, and reabsorption. OBJECTIVES To understand these processes more clearly we have developed a method to measure transport of water across the peritoneal membrane. METHODS An artificial gradient of deuterated water (HDO) between blood and dialysate compartments was created in five subjects who t...

Hydrous pyrolysis experiments conducted on Messel shale with D2O demonstrated that a large amount of deuterium becomes incorporated into the hydrocarbons generated from the shale kerogen. In order to understand the pathway of deuterium (and protium) exchange and the role of water during hydrous pyrolysis, we conducted a series of experiments using aliphatic compounds (1,13-tetradecadiene, 1-hex...