abstract  introduction: diabetic rats display exaggerated hyperalgesic behavior in response to noxious stimuli that may resemble and model aspects of painful diabetic neuropathy in humans. this study was designed to investigate the effect of nigella sativum (ns) on formalin-induced nociceptive responses (standard formalin test) in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetic rats.  methods: for this p...

background: hypertension is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients. the present study was designed to determine the role of gamma amino butyric acid b (gabab) receptor and l-arginine (l-arg) in gaba-induced vasorelaxation in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat vessels. methods: diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of strepto...

introduction: walnut leaf contains large amounts of antioxidants, phenolic compounds and flavonoids and the beneficial effect of these compounds in the treatment of diabetes has been shown. this study investigated the effect of cyclohexane and ethanol extract of walnut leaf on activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase (sdh) enzyme. methods: fifty- six adult male sprague-dawley rats were divided into s...

background: information regarding the frequency and severity of eye involvement in diabetic patients and its risk factors can be useful for prevention and treatment. this study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated risk factors in diabetic patients who referred to teaching hospitals in babol, mazandaran.  methods: in this study a total of 1562 patients wit...

considering the anti-diabetic potential of trigonella foenum-graecum (tfg) and its beneficial effect on aortic reactivity of diabetic rats, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of its alcoholic seed extract on aortic reactivity and also figure out mechanisms including the role of adrenergic and angiotensinergic systems in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. male wistar rats were divided in...

background osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease are common conditions in older adults, and often occur concurrently. bone disease is caused by increased bone turnover accompanying secondary hyperparathyroidism, and by factors such as bone metabolic disorder accompanying kidney disease and postmenopausal or age-related osteoporosis, even in hemodialysis patients. raloxifene is commonly used f...

diabetes mellitus is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the humans and experimental animals. due to the anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of pelargonidin (pg), this research study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of chronic oral pg on alleviating learning and memory disturbance in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. male wistar rats were divided into...

clinical asthma and airway responsiveness appear to be less severe when diabetes is superimposed. the aim of the present study was to determine the possible role of nitric oxide (no) in the airway reactivity under diabetic and diabetic-allergic conditions. twenty-five male guinea-pigs were divided into five groups of five each as follows: diabetic, antigen sensitized, diabetic- antigen sensitiz...

patients afflicted by diabetes mellitus (dm) usually have more infections than those without dm. the course of the infections is also more complicated in this group of patients. one of the possible causes of increased infections prevalence is a deficiency in the immunity. besides some decreased cellular responses in vitro, no disturbances in adaptive immunity in diabetic patients have been desc...

diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of type ii diabetes mellitus and carries with it the threat of blindness. accurate information regarding the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and associated risk factors is important in the prevention of its development and of the visual impairment caused by this complication. this study was designed to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopa...