Chronic mitral valvular insufficiency (CMVI) is the most common acquired heart disease in dogs and is characterized by degenerative valvular changes causing progressive thick‐ ening of mitral leaflets and incomplete closure of mitral valve. As the disease progresses, it causes congestive heart failure (CHF) and pulmonary edema if the LA dilation cannot accommodate the volume overload by mitral ...

OBJECTIVE Endocarditis can have profound and devastating neurological consequences, with the vast majority of these complications in patients with left-sided valvular disease. The approach to the acute management of stroke in children with infective endocarditis is limited by the inadequacy of published data on their clinical course and outcome. CASE REPORT This case report presents a 12 year...

The anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is partly continuous through a fibrous membrane with the aortic valve. Lying immediately subjacent to the aortic valve, the mitral valve and its chordae may become secondarily infected in instances of primary aortic valvular bacterial endocarditis. Destructive changes of the anterior mitral leaflet or mitral chordae may lead to mitral insufficiency. The ...

Echocardiography has become within the last years the main tool in the evaluation of the valvulopathies. Surgery plays a key role in the management of the valvular disorders, but it must be underlined that the surgical timing, planning and indication are all widely based on echocardiography. All the guidelines use the echocardiographic criteria to manage the valvular patients. Echocardiography ...

The anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is partly continuous through a fibrous membrane with the aortic valve. Lying immediately subjacent to the aortic valve, the mitral valve and its chordae may become secondarily infected in instances of primary aortic valvular bacterial endocarditis. Destructive changes of the anterior mitral leaflet or mitral chordae may lead to mitral insufficiency. The ...

Intraoperative two-dimensional echocardiography allows visualization of cardiac anatomy and function not possible by other techniques. Although preoperative evaluation by noninvasive methods is usually adequate for diagnosis of cardiac tumors, two-dimensional echocardiography can be beneficial intraoperatively. Intraoperative echocardiography provides an accurate evaluation of cardiac anatomy, ...

Thank you for your Letter to the Editor [1] regarding our report ‘Tricuspid valve repair in a case with congenital absence of left thoracic pericardium’. We appreciate your comments and agree that congenital elements in partial and complete absence of pericardum must be considered. Associated anomalies including mitral stenosis, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus and tetralogy of Fa...

The treatment of deep venous valvular reflux for advanced chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) has been cyclical in nature. During the late 1 960s and early 1 970s there was enthusiasm for ablation of the superficial venous system — saphenous and its branches as well as perforating veins, as the sole management for venous ulcer with deep venous reflux.’ Both the ulcer recurrence rate and wound mo...

Congenital absence of the pericardium is a rare cardiac defect with variable clinical presentations and is usually discovered incidentally. The pathology may lead to serious complications such as incarceration of cardiac tissue, myocardial ischemia, aortic dissection or valvular insufficiency. Diagnosis is not difficult so long as some tips are remembered. We present the cases of two patients w...

We described a new technique (called ‘bicuspidization’), which is performed by using autogenous material, without replacement of the aortic valves for the surgical treatment of aortic stenosis and/or insufficiency and tested it in in vitro sheep model. Different stress conditions were simulated by applying three different flow patterns (hemodynamic challenge tests) successively by using a centr...