The observation that not all grammatical realizations in heritage languages can be attributed to transfer from a dominant language has been emphasized several recent works. This paper provides further arguments this direction Romanian. As opposed standard Romanian, the Romanian data examined here do exhibit restriction which blocks overt definiteness on differentially marked object (DOM), when ...

1. Preliminaries It is well known that several languages use certain grammatical devices as object markers that are in some sense associated to the Specific / Non-Specific distinction. Spanish is one of them, and Romanian, Turkish, Persian or Hindi are frequently mentioned as other representative cases of the general phenomenon which, following Georg Bossong’s proposal, we call Differential Obj...

Many WWW applications generate HTML or XML documents dynamically. Current tools, however, like languages using DOM or Java Server Pages do not allow to check the validity of the generated documents statically. Instead, validity has to be “checked” dynamically by appropriate test runs. This paper addresses this problem by introducing a new distinct class for each element type of a DTD. Each clas...

Providing efficient access to XML documents is crucial, as XML has become the most important technique to exchange data in WWW. DOM is a popular object-oriented user interface to manipulate XML documents. Several concurrency control protocols have been proposed for DOM by analyzing the read/write behaviors of DOM operations. However, none of them exploit the semantics of DOM operations for enha...

Many WWW applications generate HTML or XML documents dynamically. Current tools, however, like languages using DOM or JAVA Server Pages do not allow to check the validity of the generated documents statically. Instead, validity has to be “checked” dynamically by appropriate test runs. This paper addresses this problem by introducing a new distinct class for each element type of a DTD. Each clas...

Referential expressions are used to introduce and continue reference to entities with par ticular referential properties, but also with particular discourse properties. In this paper we investigate the referential and discourse properties of pemarked indefi nite direct objects in Romanian, which are an instance of Diff erential Object Marking (DOM). Pe -marking is generally obligatory for defi ...

Low skid resistance of road marking paint is one of the major issues in the safety of vehicle drivers, cyclists, and pedestrians when traveling on the city streets. Among the variety of marking paint, two-component paint is widely used at intersections and roundabouts. Therefore, the paint used should have adequate skid resistance. The object of this study was to evaluat...