This article reports the results of a survey of reference librarians in public and academic libraries of various sizes in the United States, asking them about their experiences with and attitudes towards the use of digital and networked technologies and resources in reference work. A total of 648 responded. In general, respondents were positive and optimistic in their outlook, but not unreserve...

Does the typicality of an object affect how we identify it? When we produce initial reference to a visible object, we are influenced by a variety of factors, including what is visually salient (bottom-up influences) as well as our previous experiences with the object (top-down influences). In this study, we seek to understand how the top-down influence of typicality affects initial reference to...

A concept for the solution of problems at the digital processor has been developed, which is based on a four level approach of attacking a problem. It concerns the abstract, concrete, active and heuristic level of problem solution. Dialectic pairs of notions have to be defined, in order to specify separation and connection relations at each level and from level to level. The precise reference s...

Vol. 10 No. 1 1998 When two or more address expressions reference the same memory location, these address expressions are aliases for each other. A compiler performs alias analysis to detect which address expressions do not reference the same memory locations. Good alias analysis is essential to the generation of efficient code. Code motion out of loops, common subexpression elimination, alloca...

In a digital hologram, 3D information of an object is recorded on a holographic fringe pattern obtained from the interference pattern between the object and reference waves, or the numerical diffraction equations. Numerical equation-based hologram generation is highly computationally complex because the relationship between a point of the object and all the positions on a fringe pattern need to...

In this paper the optimization of color accuracy of digital reproductions is approached. Standard color targets currently available on the market, are constituted of colors spread uniformly in the color space, therefore, these targets are usable in any situation, i.e. for any chromatic content of the images to be profiled. The usage of standard color targets becomes an issue when the object tha...