The hepatitis C virus (HCV) culture system has enabled us to clarify the HCV life cycle and essential host factors for propagation. However, the virus production level of wild-type JFH-1 (JFH-1/wt) is limited, and this leads to difficulties in performing experiments that require higher viral concentrations. As the cell culture-adapted JFH-1 has been reported to have robust virus production, som...

A microtiter enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for the titration of antibodies against scrub typhus in human and animal sera. Scrub typhus rickettsiae were grown in monolayers of irradiated mouse LM3 cells and separated from host cell materials by differential centrifugation, filtration through a glass filter (AP-20, Millipore Corp.), and isopycnic banding in Renograf...

Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for detection of serum antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), parainfluenza-3 virus (PI3V), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) were standardized to give a quantitative result when testing was performed at a single optimum dilution. For each test, serum samples were titrated and t...

Riley, Jean M. (U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), William C. Patrick, III, and William E. Campbell, Jr. Estimation of titer of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus preparations from a single-dilution assay. J. Bacteriol. 85:1256-1260. 1963.-When suspensions of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus were injected intracerebrally into groups of mice, ...

Non-transforming helper viruses were isolated from pools of two hamsterspecific sarcoma viruses in which isolations by terminal dilution procedures had previously been unsuccessful. This presumably resulted from approximately equivalent levels of sarcoma and helper viruses in the original pools. Helper virus was isolated from morphologically normal cells selected from tissue culture plates show...

We investigate the role that evaporation of light primordial black holes may have played in production baryon asymmetry Universe through high-scale leptogenesis. In particular, for masses range $[{10}^{6}--{10}^{9}]\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{g}$, we find a dilution thermally generated lepton via entropy injection plasma after sphaleron freeze-out. As consequence, can put strong constraints on hole...

Indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was developed to measure specific antibody activity to outer membrane proteins in sera and egg yolk of chickens exposed to Salmonella Gallinarum infection and also following vaccination. The observed end point titers were used to formulate regression equation and the absorbance data obtained at a single serum dilution were converted directly to antibod...

Questionnaires were sent to 37 diagnostic microbiology laboratories to assess their methods for performance of the serum bactericidal test. Of the 28 responding laboratories, 26 utilized the test, with considerable variation among methods. Culture and dilution media included Trypticase soy, Mueller-Hinton, brain heart infusion, Columbia broth, dextrose phosphate, and pooled human serum. Several...